| Evaluating the neurobiology of sexual reward. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19106449 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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There is much evidence that naturally occurring behaviors (e.g., the ingestion of food and water) and social behaviors (e.g., play, maternal behavior) can induce a reward state. This review includes definitions to distinguish between "reward" and "reinforcement," and a description of methods to assess reward and demonstrate that social interactions can indeed produce a positive affective (PA) state. Operant responses, partner preference, and sexual incentive motivation are all effective methods for evaluating approach behaviors under different conditions. The method most frequently used to evaluate a positive affective or reward state is conditioned place preference (CPP), which entails modification of an animal's initial preference after alternating exposure to a control stimulus in one chamber and a rewarding condition in the other. At the end of the training the animal shows a clear preference for the compartment associated with the rewarding stimulus. CPP demonstrates that it is possible to use different treatments and naturally occurring behaviors (e.g., water or food consumption, exercise) to induce a reward state. Sexual interactions and other social behaviors also produce a clear change of preference, indicating the induction of a reward or PA state. The reward state in males and females is mediated by opioids, and the medial preoptic area of the anterior hypothalamus is a crucial site for sexual reward. |
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Authors:
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Raúl G Paredes |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: ILAR journal / National Research Council, Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources Volume: 50 ISSN: 1930-6180 ISO Abbreviation: ILAR J Publication Date: 2009 |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-12-24 Completed Date: 2009-02-06 Revised Date: 2009-05-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9516416 Medline TA: ILAR J Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 15-27 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 1-1141, Querétaro, Qro. 76001, México. email rparedes@servidor.unam.mx |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Brain Mapping Female Hypothalamus / physiology* Male Motivation Neurobiology* Rats Receptors, Opioid / physiology Reward* Sex Factors Sexual Behavior, Animal* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Receptors, Opioid |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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