Document Detail


Ethnic differences in glucose disposal, hepatic insulin sensitivity, and endogenous glucose production among African American and European American women.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  22071009     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Intravenous glucose tolerance tests have demonstrated lower whole-body insulin sensitivity (S(I)) among African Americans (AA) compared with European Americans (EA). Whole-body S(I) represents both insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, primarily by skeletal muscle, and insulin's suppression of endogenous glucose production (EGP) by liver. A mathematical model was recently introduced that allows for distinction between disposal and hepatic S(I). The purpose of this study was to examine specific indexes of S(I) among AA and EA women to determine whether lower whole-body S(I) in AA may be attributed to insulin action at muscle, liver, or both. Participants were 53 nondiabetic, premenopausal AA and EA women. Profiles of EGP and indexes of Disposal S(I) and Hepatic S(I) were calculated by mathematical modeling and incorporation of a stable isotope tracer ([6,6-(2)H(2)]glucose) into the intravenous glucose tolerance test. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. After adjustment for percentage fat, both Disposal S(I) and Hepatic S(I) were lower among AA (P = .009 for both). Time profiles for serum insulin and EGP revealed higher peak insulin response and corresponding lower EGP among AA women compared with EA. Indexes from a recently introduced mathematical model suggest that lower whole-body S(I) among nondiabetic AA women is due to both hepatic and peripheral components. Despite lower Hepatic S(I), AA displayed lower EGP, resulting from higher postchallenge insulin levels. Future research is needed to determine the physiological basis of lower insulin sensitivity among AA and its implications for type 2 diabetes mellitus risk.
Authors:
Amy C Ellis; Jessica A Alvarez; Wesley M Granger; Fernando Ovalle; Barbara A Gower
Related Documents :
15966569 - Effect of bis[curcumino]oxovanadium complex on non-diabetic and streptozotocin-induced ...
18601969 - Effective control of blood glucose status and toxicity in streptozotocin-induced diabet...
21048029 - Midkine, a heparin-binding protein, is increased in the diabetic mouse kidney postmenop...
9652969 - Evidence that elevated plasma corticosterone levels are the cause of reduced hypothalam...
16293769 - Protective effect of testosterone on early apoptotic damage induced by streptozotocin i...
19896519 - Antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activity of ethyl acetate:isopropanol (1:1) fractio...
18622219 - Insulin management: a guide for the home health nurse.
8801329 - The cobalt(iii)-insulin hexamer is a prolonged-acting insulin prodrug.
2365539 - Ketanserin in chronic treatment of hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Publication Detail:
Type:  Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural     Date:  2011-11-08
Journal Detail:
Title:  Metabolism: clinical and experimental     Volume:  61     ISSN:  1532-8600     ISO Abbreviation:  Metab. Clin. Exp.     Publication Date:  2012 May 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2012-04-30     Completed Date:  2012-06-20     Revised Date:  2013-05-23    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0375267     Medline TA:  Metabolism     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  634-40     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
Published by Elsevier Inc.
Affiliation:
University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA. aellis04@uab.edu
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Absorptiometry, Photon
Adolescent
Adult
African Americans
Algorithms
Blood Glucose / metabolism
C-Peptide / blood
Ethnic Groups
European Continental Ancestry Group
Female
Glucose / metabolism*
Glucose Tolerance Test
Humans
Insulin / blood,  physiology
Insulin Resistance / physiology*
Liver / metabolism*
United States
Young Adult
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
F31 AT005384-01/AT/NCCAM NIH HHS; F31AT005384-01/AT/NCCAM NIH HHS; M01RR00032/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; P30 DK056336/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P30DK56336/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P60DK079626/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058278-01/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058278-02/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058278-03/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058278-03S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058278-04/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK058278-04S1/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01DK067426/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01DK58278/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; UL 1RR025777/RR/NCRR NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Blood Glucose; 0/C-Peptide; 0/Insulin; 50-99-7/Glucose
Comments/Corrections

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Effect of omega-3 fatty acids on the modification of erythrocyte membrane fatty acid content includi...
Next Document:  Effects of two different levels of computerized decision support on blood glucose regulation in crit...