| Ethical dimensions of the number of embryos to be transferred in in vitro fertilization. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 11804425 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE: We propose an ethically justified policy for the number of embryos to transfer in an in vitro fertilization (IVF), by considering fourfactors: medical outcomes, patient's preferences, costs, and market forces of providers. METHODS: We develop an ethical framework that incorporates three ethical principles: beneficence, respect for autonomy, and justice; and three professional virtues: integrity, compassion, and self-sacrifice. RESULTS: This ethical framework calls for an informed consent process for IVF that provides: information about medical outcomes; information about the risks of multiple gestation; the opportunity to weigh the goal of pregnancy and live birth against the medical and moral risks of multiple gestation; evidence-based recommendations; protection of the woman from potentially coercive influences; and discussion of living with infertility and going to better centers. CONCLUSION: The number of embryos to be transferred in IVF should mainly be a function of the pregnant women's informed decision. Limiting the number of transferred embryos to two in all cases is not ethically justified at this time. |
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Authors:
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F A Chervenak; L B McCullough; Z Rosenwaks |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics Volume: 18 ISSN: 1058-0468 ISO Abbreviation: J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. Publication Date: 2001 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2002-01-23 Completed Date: 2002-09-11 Revised Date: 2013-03-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9206495 Medline TA: J Assist Reprod Genet Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 583-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10021, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Beneficence Bioethical Issues* Embryo Transfer* Female Fertilization in Vitro Humans Personal Autonomy Pregnancy Social Justice Virtues |
| Comments/Corrections | |
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