| Estimating shipping emissions in the region of the Sea of Marmara, Turkey. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17976688 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Ship emissions are significantly increasing globally and have remarkable impact on air quality on sea and land. These emissions contribute serious adverse health and environmental effects. Territorial waters, inland seas and ports are the regions most affected by ship emissions. As an inland sea the Sea of Marmara is an area that has too much ship traffic. Since the region of the Marmara is highly urbanized, emissions from ships affect human health and the overall environment. In this paper exhaust gas emissions from ships in the Sea of Marmara and the Turkish Straits are calculated by utilizing the data acquired in 2003. Main engine types, fuel types, operations types, navigation times and speeds of vessels are taken into consideration in the study. Total emissions from ships in the study area were estimated as 5,451,224 t y(-1) for CO(2), 111,039 t y(-1) for NO(x), 87,168 t y(-1) for SO(2), 20,281 t y(-1) for CO, 5801 t y(-1) for VOC, 4762 t y(-1) for PM. The shipping emissions in the region are equivalent to 11% of NO(x) 0.1% of CO and 0.12% of PM of the corresponding total emissions in Turkey. The shipping emissions in the area are 46% of NO(x), 25% of PM and 1.5% of CO of road traffic emissions in Turkey data between which and correspond to a higher level than aircraft emissions and rail emissions in Turkey. |
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Authors:
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Cengiz Deniz; Yalçin Durmuşoğlu |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2007-10-31 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Science of the total environment Volume: 390 ISSN: 0048-9697 ISO Abbreviation: Sci. Total Environ. Publication Date: 2008 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2007-12-10 Completed Date: 2008-02-26 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0330500 Medline TA: Sci Total Environ Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 255-61 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Marine Engineering, Maritime Faculty, Istanbul Technical University, 34940 Tuzla, Istanbul, Turkey. denizc@itu.edu.tr |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Air Pollutants
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analysis* Carbon Dioxide / analysis Carbon Monoxide / analysis Environmental Monitoring Nitrogen Oxides / analysis Oceans and Seas Organic Chemicals / analysis Particulate Matter / analysis Ships* Sulfur Dioxide / analysis Turkey |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Air Pollutants; 0/Nitrogen Oxides; 0/Organic Chemicals; 0/Particulate Matter; 124-38-9/Carbon Dioxide; 630-08-0/Carbon Monoxide; 7446-09-5/Sulfur Dioxide |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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