Document Detail


Estimating the glomerular filtration rate in obese adult patients for drug dosing.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20727504     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
One-third of adult Americans are currently classified as obese. Physiologic changes associated with obesity can potentially alter the clearance of commonly used drugs. Clearance of certain drugs by the kidneys occurs primarily through glomerular filtration and tubular secretion. Obesity has been associated with glomerular hyperfiltration, whereas obesity-related effects on tubular secretion are not well characterized. Estimation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is currently performed using serum creatinine using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equation. However, drug dosing guidelines are often based on creatinine clearance (CLcr) using the Cockcroft-Gault equation as a surrogate of GFR. There is a lack of consensus on the most appropriate method for estimation of GFR or CLcr in patients with obesity. The controversy relates to the use of 2 body size descriptors that confound these equations. The Cockcroft-Gault equation relies on total body weight and so overestimates GFR in patients with obesity. The MDRD equation indexes GFR based on a normalized body surface area, that is, mL/min/1.73 m(2). Conversion of MDRD estimated GFR to non-normalized body surface area overestimates GFR in patients with obesity. The current review explores current approaches and controversies to estimation of GFR and CLcr among obese patients in clinical practice. The role of the alternate body size descriptor, lean body weight to estimate CLcr in obese patients is reviewed.
Authors:
Manjunath P Pai
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Advances in chronic kidney disease     Volume:  17     ISSN:  1548-5609     ISO Abbreviation:  Adv Chronic Kidney Dis     Publication Date:  2010 Sep 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-08-23     Completed Date:  2010-11-30     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  101209214     Medline TA:  Adv Chronic Kidney Dis     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  e53-62     Citation Subset:  IM    
Copyright Information:
2010 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacy Practice, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, NY 12208, USA. amit.pai@acphs.edu
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Body Weights and Measures / methods
Creatinine / blood
Glomerular Filtration Rate*
Humans
Kidney / pathology
Kidney Diseases / blood,  etiology,  physiopathology,  urine
Obesity / blood,  complications*,  epidemiology,  physiopathology
Pharmaceutical Preparations / administration & dosage*,  urine
Pharmacokinetics
Regression Analysis
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Pharmaceutical Preparations; 60-27-5/Creatinine

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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