| Enzymatic synthesis of glycosaminoglycan heparin. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 17629842 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Heparin and its low molecular weight heparin derivatives, widely used as clinical anticoagulants, are acidic polysaccharide members of a family of biomacromolecules called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). Heparin and the related heparan sulfate are biosynthesized in the Golgi apparatus of eukaryotic cells. Heparin is a polycomponent drug that currently is prepared for clinical use by extraction from animal tissues. A heparin pentasaccharide, fondaparinux, has also been prepared through chemical synthesis for use as a homogenous anticoagulant drug. Recent enabling technologies suggest that it may now be possible to synthesize heparin and its derivatives enzymatically. Moreover, new technologies including advances in synthetic carbohydrate synthesis, enzyme-based GAG synthesis, micro- and nano-display of GAGs, rapid on-line structural analysis, and microarray/microfluidic technologies might be applied to the enzymatic synthesis of heparins with defined structures and exhibiting selected activities. The advent of these new technologies also makes it possible to consider the construction of an artificial Golgi to increase our understanding of the cellular control of GAG biosyntheses in this organelle. |
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Authors:
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Robert J Linhardt; Jonathan S Dordick; Paul L Deangelis; Jian Liu |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis Volume: 33 ISSN: 0094-6176 ISO Abbreviation: Semin. Thromb. Hemost. Publication Date: 2007 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2007-07-16 Completed Date: 2007-09-27 Revised Date: 2011-08-01 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0431155 Medline TA: Semin Thromb Hemost Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 453-65 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA. linhar@rpi.edu |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Anticoagulants / metabolism* Cell-Free System / enzymology Glycosaminoglycans / biosynthesis* Golgi Apparatus / enzymology* Heparin / biosynthesis* Polysaccharides / biosynthesis* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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R01 HL062244-05A1/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; R01 HL062244-07/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; R41 RR023764-01/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anticoagulants; 0/Glycosaminoglycans; 0/Polysaccharides; 0/fondaparinux; 0/glucosaminoglycans; 9005-49-6/Heparin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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