| Enhanced visual processing contributes to matrix reasoning in autism. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19530215 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Recent behavioral investigations have revealed that autistics perform more proficiently on Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (RSPM) than would be predicted by their Wechsler intelligence scores. A widely-used test of fluid reasoning and intelligence, the RSPM assays abilities to flexibly infer rules, manage goal hierarchies, and perform high-level abstractions. The neural substrates for these abilities are known to encompass a large frontoparietal network, with different processing models placing variable emphasis on the specific roles of the prefrontal or posterior regions. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to explore the neural bases of autistics' RSPM problem solving. Fifteen autistic and eighteen non-autistic participants, matched on age, sex, manual preference and Wechsler IQ, completed 60 self-paced randomly-ordered RSPM items along with a visually similar 60-item pattern matching comparison task. Accuracy and response times did not differ between groups in the pattern matching task. In the RSPM task, autistics performed with similar accuracy, but with shorter response times, compared to their non-autistic controls. In both the entire sample and a subsample of participants additionally matched on RSPM performance to control for potential response time confounds, neural activity was similar in both groups for the pattern matching task. However, for the RSPM task, autistics displayed relatively increased task-related activity in extrastriate areas (BA18), and decreased activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex (BA9) and the medial posterior parietal cortex (BA7). Visual processing mechanisms may therefore play a more prominent role in reasoning in autistics. |
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Authors:
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Isabelle Soulières; Michelle Dawson; Fabienne Samson; Elise B Barbeau; Chérif P Sahyoun; Gary E Strangman; Thomas A Zeffiro; Laurent Mottron |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Human brain mapping Volume: 30 ISSN: 1097-0193 ISO Abbreviation: Hum Brain Mapp Publication Date: 2009 Dec |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-11-25 Completed Date: 2010-02-02 Revised Date: 2011-03-03 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9419065 Medline TA: Hum Brain Mapp Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 4082-107 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. |
Affiliation:
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Neural Systems Group, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. isabelle@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Autistic Disorder / physiopathology* Brain Mapping* Female Humans Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Intelligence / physiology* Intelligence Tests Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Reaction Time / physiology Visual Perception / physiology* Young Adult |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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MOP-84243//Canadian Institutes of Health Research; P41 RR014075-10/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; P41 RR14075/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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