Document Detail


ENHANCED ENDOTHELIN-1 SYSTEM ACTIVITY WITH OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  21666117     Owner:  NLM     Status:  Publisher    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Endothelin-1-mediated vasoconstrictor tone contributes to the development and progression of several adiposity-related conditions, including hypertension and atherosclerotic vascular disease. The aims of the present study were to determine: 1) whether endogenous endothelin-1 vasoconstrictor activity is elevated in overweight and obese adults; and, if so, 2) whether increased endothelin-1-mediated vasoconstriction contributes to the adiposity-related impairment in endothelium-dependent vasodilation. Seventy-nine adults were studied: 34 normal weight (BMI <25 kg/m(2)); 22 overweight (BMI ≥25<30 kg/m(2)); and 23 obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)). Forearm blood flow responses to intra-arterial infusion of endothelin-1 (5 pmol/min; for 20 min) and selective endothelin-1 receptor blockade (BQ-123; 100 nmol/min; for 60 min) were determined. In a subset of the study population, forearm blood flow responses to acetylcholine (4.0, 8.0, and 16.0 μg/100 mL tissue/min) were measured in the absence and presence of selective endothelin-1 receptor blockade. The vasoconstrictor response to endothelin-1 was significantly blunted in the overweight and obese (~70%) compared with normal weight adults. Selective endothelin-1 receptor blockade elicited a significant vasodilator response (~20%) in the overweight and obese adults, but did not alter forearm blood flow in the normal weight adults. Co-infusion of BQ-123 did not affect forearm blood flow responses to acetylcholine in normal weight adults, but resulted in an ~20% increase (P<0.05) in acetylcholine-induced vasodilation in overweight and obese adults. These results demonstrate that overweight and obesity are associated with enhanced endothelin-1-mediated vasoconstriction that contributes to endothelial vasodilator dysfunction and may play a role in the increased prevalence of hypertension with increased adiposity.
Authors:
Brian R Weil; Christian M Westby; Gary P Van Guilder; Jared J Greiner; Brian L Stauffer; Christopher A Desouza
Related Documents :
9299967 - Blood substitutes: evolution and future applications.
20406507 - High-flow oxygen therapy in acute respiratory failure.
2575947 - How do avian embryos breathe? oxygen transport in the blood of early chick embryos.
20072907 - Po(2) and ros/rns measurements in the microcirculation in hypoxia.
20139197 - Stake through the chest.
925927 - Iodipamide kinetics: capacity-limited biliary excretion with simultaneous pseudo-first-...
Publication Detail:
Type:  JOURNAL ARTICLE     Date:  2011-6-10
Journal Detail:
Title:  American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology     Volume:  -     ISSN:  1522-1539     ISO Abbreviation:  -     Publication Date:  2011 Jun 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-6-13     Completed Date:  -     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  100901228     Medline TA:  Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol     Country:  -    
Other Details:
Languages:  ENG     Pagination:  -     Citation Subset:  -    
Affiliation:
1University of Colorado.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  SPARC Regulates Collagen Interaction with Cardiac Fibroblast Cell Surfaces.
Next Document:  IN VIVO BIOLUMINESCENCE FOR TRACKING CELL FATE AND FUNCTION.