Document Detail


Energy requirements for two aspects of phospholipid metabolism in mammalian brain.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  9761729     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Previous estimates have placed the energy requirements of total phospholipid metabolism in mammalian brain at 2% or less of total ATP consumption. This low estimate was consistent with the very long half-lives (up to days) reported for fatty acids esterified within phospholipids. However, using an approach featuring analysis of brain acyl-CoA, which takes into account dilution of the precursor acyl-CoA pool by recycling of fatty acids, we reported that half-lives of fatty acids in phospholipids are some 100 times shorter (min-h) than previously thought. Based on these new estimates of short half-lives, palmitic acid and arachidonic acid were used as prototype fatty acids to calculate energy consumption by fatty acid recycling at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions of brain phospholipids. We calculated that the energy requirements for reacylation of fatty acids into lysophospholipids are 5% of net brain ATP consumption. We also calculated ATP requirements for maintaining asymmetry of the aminophospholipids, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine across brain membrane bilayers. This asymmetry is maintained by a translocase at a stoichiometry of 1 mol of ATP per mol of phospholipid transferred in either direction across the membrane. The energy cost of maintaining membrane bilayer asymmetry of aminophospholipids at steady-state was calculated to be 8% of total ATP consumed. Taken together, deacylation-reacylation and maintenance of membrane asymmetry of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine require about 13% of ATP consumed by brain as a whole. This is a lower limit for energy consumption by processes involving phospholipids, as other processes, including phosphorylation of polyphosphoinositides and de novo phospholipid biosynthesis, were not considered.
Authors:
A D Purdon; S I Rapoport
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article    
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Biochemical journal     Volume:  335 ( Pt 2)     ISSN:  0264-6021     ISO Abbreviation:  Biochem. J.     Publication Date:  1998 Oct 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1998-12-22     Completed Date:  1998-12-22     Revised Date:  2009-11-18    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  2984726R     Medline TA:  Biochem J     Country:  ENGLAND    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  313-8     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Neurosciences, National Institutes on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1582, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Acyl Coenzyme A / metabolism
Acylation
Adenosine Triphosphate / metabolism
Animals
Biological Transport
Brain / metabolism*
Energy Metabolism*
Fatty Acids / metabolism
Lysophospholipids / metabolism
Mammals / metabolism*
Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
Models, Biological*
Phospholipids / metabolism*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Acyl Coenzyme A; 0/Fatty Acids; 0/Lysophospholipids; 0/Membrane Glycoproteins; 0/Phospholipids; 56-65-5/Adenosine Triphosphate
Comments/Corrections

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