| Energy-balance studies reveal associations between gut microbes, caloric load, and nutrient absorption in humans. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21543530 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Studies in mice indicate that the gut microbiome influences both sides of the energy-balance equation by contributing to nutrient absorption and regulating host genes that affect adiposity. However, it remains uncertain as to what extent gut microbiota are an important regulator of nutrient absorption in humans. OBJECTIVE: With the use of a carefully monitored inpatient study cohort, we tested how gut bacterial community structure is affected by altering the nutrient load in lean and obese individuals and whether their microbiota are correlated with the efficiency of dietary energy harvest. DESIGN: We investigated dynamic changes of gut microbiota during diets that varied in caloric content (2400 compared with 3400 kcal/d) by pyrosequencing bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes present in the feces of 12 lean and 9 obese individuals and by measuring ingested and stool calories with the use of bomb calorimetry. RESULTS: The alteration of the nutrient load induced rapid changes in the gut microbiota. These changes were directly correlated with stool energy loss in lean individuals such that a 20% increase in Firmicutes and a corresponding decrease in Bacteroidetes were associated with an increased energy harvest of ≈150 kcal. A high degree of overfeeding in lean individuals was accompanied by a greater fractional decrease in stool energy loss. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that the nutrient load is a key variable that can influence the gut (fecal) bacterial community structure over short time scales. Furthermore, the observed associations between gut microbes and nutrient absorption indicate a possible role of the human gut microbiota in the regulation of the nutrient harvest. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00414063. |
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Authors:
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Reiner Jumpertz; Duc Son Le; Peter J Turnbaugh; Cathy Trinidad; Clifton Bogardus; Jeffrey I Gordon; Jonathan Krakoff |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural Date: 2011-05-04 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of clinical nutrition Volume: 94 ISSN: 1938-3207 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Publication Date: 2011 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-06-21 Completed Date: 2011-08-24 Revised Date: 2011-12-30 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376027 Medline TA: Am J Clin Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 58-65 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Obesity and Diabetes Clinical Research Section, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive, and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA. jumpertzr@mail.nih.gov |
| Data Bank Information | |
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
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ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00414063 |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Bacteria / isolation & purification* Energy Intake* Energy Metabolism* Food Gastrointestinal Tract / metabolism, microbiology* Humans Intestinal Absorption* Male Middle Aged |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DK78669/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; GM068763/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Jul;94(1):1-2
[PMID:
21633075
]
Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Dec;94(6):1650-1 [PMID: 22106417 ] |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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