| Endotoxin induces respiratory failure and increases surfactant turnover and respiration independent of alveolocapillary injury in rats. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12045126 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Although endotoxin-induced acute lung injury is associated with inflammation, alveolocapillary injury, surfactant dysfunction, and altered lung mechanics, the precise sequence of these changes is polemic. We have studied the early pathogenesis of acute lung injury in spontaneously breathing anesthetized rats after intravenous infusion of Salmonella abortus equi endotoxin. The animals became hypoxic, and airway resistance, tissue resistance, lung elastance, and static compliance all deteriorated well before any change in alveolar neutrophils, macrophages, lung fluid (99mTc-labeled diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid), or 125I-albumin flux, which were only appreciably increased at 8.5 hours. Lung elastance deteriorated before airway resistance, indicating that the compliance change was specific rather than caused by reduced lung volume. The subcellular and alveolar content of surfactant proteins A and B, cholesterol, disaturated phospholipids, and phospholipid classes remained normal in the face of a dramatic increase in the synthesis and turnover of 3H-disaturated phosphatidylcholine. Our findings indicate that the increase in surfactant disaturated phospholipid turnover reflects, at least in part, an approximately five-fold increase in "sigh frequency." We suggest that endotoxin has direct effects on tissue resistance and lung elastance independent of surfactant composition and that the initial respiratory failure results primarily from endotoxin-induced ventilation/perfusion mismatch independent of edema or alveolocapillary injury per se. |
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Authors:
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Kate G Davidson; Andrew D Bersten; Heather A Barr; Kay D Dowling; Terence E Nicholas; Ian R Doyle |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine Volume: 165 ISSN: 1073-449X ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. Publication Date: 2002 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2002-06-04 Completed Date: 2002-07-03 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9421642 Medline TA: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1516-25 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Human Physiology, School of Medicine, Flinders University, South Australia, Australia. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Airway Resistance
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physiology Animals Blood Gas Analysis Blood-Air Barrier / drug effects, physiology* Capillary Permeability / drug effects, physiology Disease Models, Animal Endotoxins / pharmacology* Lung / metabolism Lung Injury Male Pulmonary Surfactants / metabolism* Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Reference Values Respiratory Function Tests Respiratory Insufficiency / physiopathology* Respiratory Mechanics Salmonella* Sensitivity and Specificity Severity of Illness Index |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Endotoxins; 0/Pulmonary Surfactants |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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