| Endothelium-derived relaxing factors. A perspective from in vivo data. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 2170274 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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We review below published studies of endothelium-dependent vasodilation in vivo. Endothelium-dependent vasodilation has been demonstrated in conduit arteries in vivo and in the cerebral, coronary, mesenteric, and femoral vascular beds as well as in the microcirculation of the brain and the microcirculation of cremaster muscle. The available evidence, although not complete, strongly suggests that the endothelium-derived relaxing factor generated by acetylcholine in the cerebral microcirculation is a nitrosothiol. The endothelium-derived relaxing factor generated by bradykinin in this vascular bed is an oxygen radical generated in association with enhanced arachidonate metabolism via cyclooxygenase. In the microcirculation of skeletal muscle, on the other hand, the vasodilation from bradykinin is mediated partly by prostacyclin and partly by an endothelium-derived relaxing factor similar to that generated by acetylcholine. Basal secretion of endothelium-derived relaxing factor is controversial in vivo but is usually present in vitro. On the other hand, it appears that endothelium-derived relaxing factor mediates flow-dependent vasodilation in both large vessels and in the microcirculation in vivo. The generation and release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from endothelium may be abnormal in a variety of conditions including acute and chronic hypertension, atherosclerosis, and ischemia followed by reperfusion. Several mechanisms for these abnormalities have been identified. These include inability to generate endothelium-derived relaxing factor or destruction of endothelium-derived relaxing factor by oxidants after its release in the extracellular space. These abnormalities in endothelium-dependent relaxation may contribute to the vascular abnormalities in these conditions. |
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Authors:
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J J Marshall; H A Kontos |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.; Review |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Hypertension Volume: 16 ISSN: 0194-911X ISO Abbreviation: Hypertension Publication Date: 1990 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1990-11-19 Completed Date: 1990-11-19 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7906255 Medline TA: Hypertension Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 371-86 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond 23298-0281. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Arteriosclerosis / physiopathology Humans Hydroxides Hydroxyl Radical Hypertension / physiopathology Microcirculation / physiology Nitric Oxide / analysis, physiology* Reperfusion Injury / physiopathology Vasodilation |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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HL-07580/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; HL-21851/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; NS-19316/NS/NINDS NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Hydroxides; 10102-43-9/Nitric Oxide; 3352-57-6/Hydroxyl Radical |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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