Document Detail


Endogenous endothelin increases gallbladder tone and leads to acute cholecystitis in the Australian possum.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  14764212     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Endothelins are bioactive peptides produced by gallbladder epithelial cells. We aimed to determine the role of endothelins in acute cholecystitis. Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide vs saline (sham) was instilled into the gallbladder lumen of Australian possums. Some animals received the non-selective endothelin antagonist, tezosentan. At 4 or 24 h, plasma and gallbladder endothelins and white blood cell count (WBCC) were determined. Acute cholecystitis was assessed using a histopathology score. In other animals gallbladder tone was determined. At 4h, a dose-dependent 60-fold increase in gallbladder endothelin level occurred (P = 0.001) but other parameters remained comparable with sham animals. Epithelial cells were endothelin-immunoreactive. At 24 h, the WBCC rose (P < 0.007), and severe cholecystitis developed. Gallbladder but not plasma endothelin levels remained elevated. Tezosentan pre-treatment resulted in a histologically normal gallbladder, but the WBCC and gallbladder endothelin levels were elevated. Lipopolysaccharide or saline instillation also caused a time-dependent increase in gallbladder tone over 4 h (P < 0.001), but not in control animals. This increase was reduced by tezosentan treatment. Gallbladder endothelin production is an early event in acute cholecystitis, increases gallbladder tone and plays a crucial role in the inflammatory process.
Authors:
B O Al-Jiffry; E A Shaffer; C M Woods; M Menadue; F Young; J Oliver; A C Thomas; J Toouli; G T P Saccone
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society     Volume:  16     ISSN:  1350-1925     ISO Abbreviation:  Neurogastroenterol. Motil.     Publication Date:  2004 Feb 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-02-06     Completed Date:  2004-04-02     Revised Date:  2006-11-15    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9432572     Medline TA:  Neurogastroenterol Motil     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  125-33     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of General and Digestive Surgery, Center for Digestive Science, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Cholecystitis, Acute / chemically induced,  pathology*
Disease Models, Animal
Endothelins / analysis,  metabolism*
Escherichia coli
Female
Gallbladder / drug effects,  pathology,  physiology*
Immunohistochemistry
Leukocyte Count
Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
Male
Muscle Contraction / drug effects,  physiology
Muscle, Smooth / drug effects,  physiology
Opossums / physiology*
Pyridines / pharmacology
Tetrazoles / pharmacology
Vasodilator Agents / pharmacology
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Endothelins; 0/Lipopolysaccharides; 0/Pyridines; 0/Tetrazoles; 0/Vasodilator Agents; 0/tezosentan

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