| Emerging applications of nanotechnology for the diagnosis and management of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21834059 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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An estimated 16 million people in the United States have coronary artery disease (CAD), and approximately 325,000 people die annually from cardiac arrest. About two-thirds of unexpected cardiac deaths occur without prior recognition of cardiac disease. A vast majority of these deaths are attributable to the rupture of 'vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques'. Clinically, plaque vulnerability is typically assessed through imaging techniques, and ruptured plaques leading to acute myocardial infarction are treated through angioplasty or stenting. Despite significant advances, it is clear that current imaging methods are insufficiently capable for elucidating plaque composition-which is a key determinant of vulnerability. Further, the exciting improvement in the treatment of CAD afforded by stenting procedures has been buffered by significant undesirable host-implant effects, including restenosis and late thrombosis. Nanotechnology has led to some potential solutions to these problems by yielding constructs that interface with plaque cellular components at an unprecedented size scale. By leveraging the innate ability of macrophages to phagocytose nanoparticles, contrast agents can now be targeted to plaque inflammatory activity. Improvements in nano-patterning procedures have now led to increased ability to regenerate tissue isotropy directly on stents, enabling gradual regeneration of normal, physiologic vascular structures. Advancements in immunoassay technologies promise lower costs for biomarker measurements, and in the near future, may enable the addition of routine blood testing to the clinician's toolbox-decreasing the costs of atherosclerosis-related medical care. These are merely three examples among many stories of how nanotechnology continues to promise advances in the diagnosis and treatment of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2011 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.158 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website. |
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Authors:
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Shann S Yu; Ryan A Ortega; Brendan W Reagan; John A McPherson; Hak-Joon Sung; Todd D Giorgio |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-8-10 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology Volume: - ISSN: 1939-0041 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-8-11 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101508311 Medline TA: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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