| Electromagnetic fields and the blood-brain barrier. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20550949 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The mammalian blood-brain barrier (BBB) consists of endothelial cells, linked by tight junctions, and the adjoining pericytes and extracellular matrix. It helps maintain a highly stable extracellular environment necessary for accurate synaptic transmission and protects nervous tissue from injury. An increase in its normally low permeability for hydrophilic and charged molecules could potentially be detrimental. Methods to assess the permeability of the BBB include histological staining for marker molecules in brain sections and measurement of the concentration of marker molecules in blood and brain tissue. Their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Exposure to levels of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) that increase brain temperature by more than 1°C can reversibly increase the permeability of the BBB for macromolecules. The balance of experimental evidence does not support an effect of 'non-thermal' radiofrequency fields with microwave and mobile phone frequencies on BBB permeability. Evidence for an effect of the EMF generated by magnetic resonance imaging on permeability is conflicting and conclusions are hampered by potential confounders and simultaneous exposure to different types and frequencies of EMF. The literature on effects of low frequency EMF, which do not cause tissue heating, is sparse and does not yet permit any conclusions on permeability changes. Studies on the potential effect of EMF exposure on permeability of the BBB in humans are virtually absent. Future permeability studies should focus on low frequency effects and effects in humans. Care should be taken to avoid the methodological limitations of earlier studies and to determine the pathophysiological relevance of any changes found. |
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Authors:
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Rianne Stam |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2010-06-13 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Brain research reviews Volume: 65 ISSN: 1872-6321 ISO Abbreviation: Brain Res Rev Publication Date: 2010 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-09-20 Completed Date: 2011-01-07 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101300366 Medline TA: Brain Res Rev Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 80-97 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Laboratory for Radiation Research, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. rianne.stam@rivm.nl |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Blood-Brain Barrier / anatomy & histology, physiology, radiation effects* Cellular Phone Electromagnetic Fields* Hot Temperature Humans Microwaves Permeability |
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