| Efficacy and ocular penetration of sparfloxacin in experimental streptococcal endophthalmitis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 8388193 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Gram-positive cocci are the most common pathogens in severe human eye infections. Streptococcal endophthalmitis is a devastating infection, and intravitreal antibiotic therapy is limited by retinal toxicity. Because few systemic antistreptococcal antibiotics penetrate into the vitreous, sparfloxacin, a newer quinolone with improved antistreptococcal activity, might be of interest. We therefore assessed its efficacy by the intravitreal route in a rabbit model of streptococcal endophthalmitis. The vitreal bacterial count (mean +/- standard deviation log10 CFU per milliliter) was significantly reduced after an intravitreal injection of 800 micrograms of sprafloxacin (4.9 +/- 0.7) relative to the counts in untreated control (7.1 +/- 0.7) and pefloxacin-treated (7.8 +/- 1.2) eyes. After systemic administration to rabbits, the maximum concentration of sparfloxacin in serum was 5.6 micrograms.ml-1 and the half-life was 7.5 h. Sparfloxacin exhibited very good penetration ratios in the vitreous (54%), cornea (76%), and lens (36%). In the vitreous, the levels of sparfloxacin remained greater than the MICs for most gram-positive cocci for up to 18 h. Further experimental studies are warranted to determine the efficacy of systemic sparfloxacin as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of human endophthalmitis. |
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Authors:
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I Cochereau-Massin; J Bauchet; S Marrakchi-Benjaafar; A Saleh-Mghir; F Faurisson; J M Vallois; E Vallee; J J Pocidalo |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy Volume: 37 ISSN: 0066-4804 ISO Abbreviation: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. Publication Date: 1993 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 1993-06-11 Completed Date: 1993-06-11 Revised Date: 2013-04-24 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0315061 Medline TA: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Country: UNITED STATES |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 633-6 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U13, Hôpital Claude Bernard, Paris, France. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Anti-Infective Agents / administration & dosage, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use* Endophthalmitis / drug therapy*, microbiology Eye / metabolism* Fluoroquinolones* Half-Life Injections Injections, Intramuscular Pefloxacin / therapeutic use Quinolones / administration & dosage, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic use* Rabbits Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy*, microbiology Vitreous Body |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anti-Infective Agents; 0/Fluoroquinolones; 0/Quinolones; 70458-92-3/Pefloxacin; Q90AGA787L/sparfloxacin |
| Comments/Corrections | |
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