| Efficacy of artemisinin in experimental visceral leishmaniasis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20403680 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by the protozoan Leishmania sp., affects 500000 people annually, with the Indian subcontinent contributing a significant proportion of these cases. Emerging refractoriness to conventional antimony therapy has emphasised the need for safer yet effective antileishmanial drugs. Artemisinin, a widely used antimalarial, demonstrated anti-promastigote activity and the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) ranged from 100 microM to 120 microM irrespective of Leishmania species studied. Leishmania donovani-infected macrophages demonstrated decreased production of nitrite as well as mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, which was normalised by artemisinin, indicating that it exerted both a direct parasiticidal activity as well as inducing a host protective response. Furthermore, in a BALB/c model of VL, orally administered artemisinin (10mg/kg and 25mg/kg body weight) effectively reduced both splenic weight and parasite burden, which was accompanied by a restoration of Th1 cytokines (interferon-gamma and interleukin-2). Taken together, these findings have delineated the therapeutic potential of artemisinin in experimental VL. |
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Authors:
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Rupashree Sen; Sudipto Ganguly; Piu Saha; Mitali Chatterjee |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-04-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International journal of antimicrobial agents Volume: 36 ISSN: 1872-7913 ISO Abbreviation: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents Publication Date: 2010 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-05-24 Completed Date: 2010-08-13 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9111860 Medline TA: Int J Antimicrob Agents Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 43-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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(c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. and the International Society of Chemotherapy. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, 244 B, Acharya Jagadish Chandra Bose Road, Kolkata 700 020, West Bengal, India. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Antiprotozoal Agents / administration & dosage*, pharmacology Artemisinins / administration & dosage*, pharmacology Disease Models, Animal Humans Inhibitory Concentration 50 Leishmania donovani / drug effects Leishmaniasis, Visceral / drug therapy* Macrophages / parasitology Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Parasitic Sensitivity Tests Spleen / parasitology, pathology Treatment Outcome |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Antiprotozoal Agents; 0/Artemisinins; 63968-64-9/artemisinine |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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