| Efficacy of gemifloxacin for the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22360669 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of topically applied gemifloxacin for the treatment of experimental Staphylococcus aureus keratitis in a rabbit model. METHODS: Rabbit corneas were intrastromally injected with ~100 colony-forming units (CFU) of S. aureus ATCC25923. Eight hours (early treatment) or 16 h (late treatment) after the injection, 1 topical drop of balanced salt solution (BSS), gemifloxacin ophthalmic solution (0.5%), levofloxacin ophthalmic solution (0.5%), or gatifloxacin eye gel (0.3%) was applied to each eye every 15 min for 5 doses and then, every 30 min for 14 doses. The eyes were examined both before and after treatment. The corneas were harvested from treated and untreated rabbits for the quantitation of bacteria and histological observation. RESULTS: In the early-treatment groups, all 3 fluoroquinolones significantly lowered the clinical severity of infection and the median erosion area of the cornea compared with the BSS control (P=0.000). In the late-treatment groups, gemifloxacin and levofloxacin did not cause a significant reduction in clinical scores compared with the BSS control (P=0.107 and 0.531, respectively), but the gatifloxacin caused a significant reduction in clinical scores compared with the BSS control (P=0.011). The median erosion area significantly decreased with treatment with gemifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin in both early- and late-treatment groups, when compared with the control group (P≤0.022). In the early-treatment groups, the gemifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin groups had significantly lower CFU recovered from the corneas compared with the control group (P<0.01), while in the late-treatment groups, levofloxacin failed to reduce the CFU recovered from the corneas compared with the control group (P=0.695). The minimal inhibitory concentrations for gemifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin against S. aureus ATCC25923 were 0.0625, 0.0625, and 0.125 mg/L, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Gemifloxacin, similar to gatifloxacin and levofloxacin, can significantly lower the clinical severity and CFU per cornea observed in S. aureus keratitis when early treatment is implemented. Significantly, gemifloxacin showed a significant efficacy improvement in reducing the bacterial load recovered from the corneas in the late-treatment experiment. |
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Authors:
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Xianggen Wu; Haoran Jiang; Yuanyuan Xu; Wenjie Yue; Lingling Yang; Zicheng Song; Hao Chen; Ting Liu |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2012-02-23 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics Volume: 28 ISSN: 1557-7732 ISO Abbreviation: J Ocul Pharmacol Ther Publication Date: 2012 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-07-31 Completed Date: 2012-12-04 Revised Date: 2013-04-24 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9511091 Medline TA: J Ocul Pharmacol Ther Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 420-7 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, No. 5 Yanerdao Rd., Qingdao, P.R. China. wuxianggen@126.com |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Anti-Infective Agents, Local / administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use* Colony Count, Microbial Conjunctival Diseases / drug therapy, microbiology Cornea / microbiology, pathology Eye / microbiology Female Fluoroquinolones / administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use* Keratitis / drug therapy*, microbiology Male Microbial Sensitivity Tests Naphthyridines / administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use* Ofloxacin / administration & dosage, pharmacology, therapeutic use Rabbits Staphylococcal Infections / drug therapy*, microbiology Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Anti-Infective Agents, Local; 0/Fluoroquinolones; 0/Naphthyridines; 82419-36-1/Ofloxacin; L4618BD7KJ/gatifloxacin; OKR68Y0E4T/gemifloxacin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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