| Effects of subchronic inhalation exposure of rats to emissions from a diesel engine burning soybean oil-derived biodiesel fuel. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12396409 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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There is increasing interest in diesel fuels derived from plant oils or animal fats ("biodiesel"), but little information on the toxicity of biodiesel emissions other than bacterial mutagenicity. F344 rats were exposed by inhalation 6 h/day, 5 days/wk for 13 wk to 1 of 3 dilutions of emissions from a diesel engine burning 100% soybean oil-derived fuel, or to clean air as controls. Whole emissions were diluted to nominal NO(x) concentrations of 5, 25, or 50 ppm, corresponding to approximately 0.04, 0.2, and 0.5 mg particles/m(3), respectively. Biologically significant, exposure-related effects were limited to the lung, were greater in females than in males, and were observed primarily at the highest exposure level. There was a dose-related increase in the numbers of alveolar macrophages and the numbers of particles in the macrophages, as expected from repeated exposure, but no neutrophil response even at the highest exposure level. The macrophage response was reduced 28 days after cessation of the exposure. Among the high-level females, the group mean lung weight/body weight ratio was increased, and minimal, multifocal bronchiolar metaplasia of alveolar ducts was observed in 4 of 30 rats. Lung weights were not significantly increased, and metaplasia of the alveolar ducts was not observed in males. An increase in particle-laden macrophages was the only exposure-related finding in lungs at the intermediate and low levels, with fewer macrophages and fewer particles per macrophage at the low level. Alveolar histiocytosis was observed in a few rats in both exposed and control groups. There were statistically significant, but minor and not consistently exposure-related, differences in body weight, nonpulmonary organ weights, serum chemistry, and glial fibrillary acidic protein in the brain. There were no significant exposure-related effects on survival, clinical signs, feed consumption, ocular toxicity, hematology, neurohistology, micronuclei in bone marrow, sister chromatid exchanges in peripheral blood lymphocytes, fertility, reproductive toxicity, or teratology. This study demonstrated modest adverse effects at the highest exposure level, and none other than the expected physiological macrophage response to repeated particle exposure at the intermediate level. |
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Authors:
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G L Finch; C H Hobbs; L F Blair; E B Barr; F F Hahn; R J Jaramillo; J E Kubatko; T H March; R K White; J R Krone; M G Ménache; K J Nikula; J L Mauderly; J Van Gerpen; M D Merceica; B Zielinska; L Stankowski; K Burling; S Howell |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Inhalation toxicology Volume: 14 ISSN: 0895-8378 ISO Abbreviation: Inhal Toxicol Publication Date: 2002 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2002-10-24 Completed Date: 2002-11-14 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8910739 Medline TA: Inhal Toxicol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1017-48 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87108, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Administration, Inhalation Animals Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Female Fuel Oils / adverse effects* Inhalation Exposure Lung / drug effects, pathology Macrophages, Alveolar / drug effects, pathology Male Organ Size / drug effects Particle Size Rats Rats, Inbred Strains Soybean Oil* Toxicity Tests* Vehicle Emissions / toxicity* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Fuel Oils; 0/Vehicle Emissions; 8001-22-7/Soybean Oil |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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