| Effects of prepartum roughage neutral detergent fiber levels on periparturient dry matter intake, metabolism, and lactation in heat-stressed dairy cows. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20494168 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Heat stress of lactating cattle results in dramatic reductions in dry matter intake (DMI). As a result, energy input cannot satisfy energy needs and thus accelerates body fat mobilization. Decreasing the level of roughage neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in prepartum diets, and thereby increasing the amount of nonfiber carbohydrates, may provide an adequate supply of energy and glucose precursors to maintain and minimize the decrease in DMI while reducing mobilization of adipose tissue. The effects of 3-wk prepartum diets containing different amounts of roughage NDF on DMI, blood metabolites, and lactation performance of dairy cows were investigated under summer conditions in Thailand. Thirty cross-bred cows (87.5% Holstein x 12.5% Sahiwal) were dried off 60 d before their expected calving date and were assigned immediately to a nonlactating cow diet containing the net energy for lactation recommended by the National Research Council (2001) model. The treatment diets contained 17.4, 19.2, and 21.0% DM as roughage NDF from bana grass (Pennisetum purpureum x Pennisetum glaucum) silage. Levels of concentrate NDF were 39.8, 40.2, and 38.6% of dietary NDF, so the levels of dietary NDF were 28.9, 32.1, and 34.2% of DM. After parturition, all cows received a lactating cow diet containing 12.7% roughage NDF and 23% dietary NDF. During the entire experiment, the minimum and maximum temperature-humidity index averaged 77.7 and 86.8, respectively, indicating conditions appropriate for the induction of extreme heat stress. As parturition approached, DMI decreased steadily, resulting in a 12.9, 25, and 32.8% decrease in DMI from d -21 until calving for nonlactating cows fed prepartum diets containing 17.4, 19.2, and 21% roughage NDF, respectively. During the 3-wk prepartum period, intakes of DM and net energy for lactation and concentrations of plasma glucose and serum insulin were higher for cows fed diets containing less roughage NDF. In cows fed the 3-wk prepartum diets containing less roughage NDF, calf birth weights, milk yield, and 4% fat-corrected milk were higher, whereas periparturient concentrations of serum nonesterified fatty acids and plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate were lower. There was a carryover effect of the prepartum diet on serum nonesterified fatty acids and plasma beta-hydroxybutyrate during the first 7 d in milk, and therefore on milk production. These results suggest that feeding diets containing decreased amounts of roughage NDF during the 3-wk prepartum period may minimize the decrease in DMI and lipid mobilization as parturition approaches. This strategy may thus minimize the effect of hormonal factors and heat stress on periparturient cows. |
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Authors:
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J Kanjanapruthipong; N Homwong; N Buatong |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of dairy science Volume: 93 ISSN: 1525-3198 ISO Abbreviation: J. Dairy Sci. Publication Date: 2010 Jun |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-05-24 Completed Date: 2010-09-03 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 2985126R Medline TA: J Dairy Sci Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 2589-97 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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2010 American Dairy Science Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Animal Science, Kasetsart University, Kampaengsaen, Nakornpathom, 73140, Thailand. agrjck@nontri.ku.ac.th |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Birth Weight / drug effects Cattle / metabolism, physiology* Diet / veterinary Dietary Fiber / metabolism, pharmacology* Eating / drug effects, physiology Energy Metabolism / drug effects, physiology Female Hot Temperature Lactation / drug effects*, physiology Milk / chemistry, secretion Pregnancy Pregnancy, Animal / drug effects, physiology* Silage Stress, Physiological / drug effects, physiology |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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