Document Detail


Effects of pregnancy and nutritional status on alcohol metabolism.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  17718402     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Metabolism of alcohol (i.e., ethanol) is regulated by genetic and environmental factors as well as physiologic state. For a given alcohol intake, the rate of alcohol clearance, which ultimately determines tissue ethanol concentrations, may be the most significant risk factor for many of the detrimental effects of alcohol. Faster ethanol clearance would help minimize target tissue concentrations, and in pregnant women, mitigate fetal alcohol exposure. Much remains to be known about the effects of the altered endocrine milieu of pregnancy on alcohol metabolism and clearance in the mother. Research has shown that among pregnant rats allowed unrestricted access to alcohol and those fed alcohol containing liquid diets under experimental conditions via a feeding tube (total enteral nutrition [TEN]), urine ethanol concentrations (and thus blood and tissue ethanol concentrations) are lower in pregnant rats compared with non-pregnant females given the same dose of ethanol. Maternal nutritional status also is an important determinant of fetal alcohol toxicity. Research using the TEN system has demonstrated that alcohol-induced fetal growth retardation is potentiated by undernutrition in part via impaired alcohol metabolism and clearance.
Authors:
Kartik Shankar; Martin J J Ronis; Thomas M Badger
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Alcohol research & health : the journal of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism     Volume:  30     ISSN:  1535-7414     ISO Abbreviation:  Alcohol Res Health     Publication Date:  2007  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2007-08-27     Completed Date:  2007-10-23     Revised Date:  2007-12-03    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  100900708     Medline TA:  Alcohol Res Health     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  55-9     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Alcohol Dehydrogenase / metabolism
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / metabolism
Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Ethanol / metabolism*,  pharmacokinetics,  toxicity
Female
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome / enzymology*
Fetus / drug effects
Humans
Malnutrition / enzymology,  metabolism*
Metabolic Clearance Rate
Pregnancy / metabolism*
Rats
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
R01AA12819/AA/NIAAA NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
64-17-5/Ethanol; EC 1.1.1.1/Alcohol Dehydrogenase; EC 1.2.1.3/Aldehyde Dehydrogenase

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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