Document Detail


Effects of an onion by-product on bioactivity and safety markers in healthy rats.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19682402     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Onions are excellent sources of bioactive compounds including fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and polyphenols. An onion by-product was characterised in order to be developed as a potentially bioactive food ingredient. Our main aim was to investigate whether the potential health and safety effects of this onion by-product were shared by either of two derived fractions, an extract containing the onion FOS and polyphenols and a residue fraction containing mainly cell wall materials. We report here on the effects of feeding these products on markers of potential toxicity, protective enzymes and gut environment in healthy rats. Rats were fed during 4 weeks with a diet containing the products or a control feed balanced in carbohydrate. The onion by-product and the extract caused anaemia as expected in rodents for Allium products. No other toxicity was observed, including genotoxicity. Glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) activities in erythrocytes increased when rats were fed with the onion extract. Hepatic gene expression of Gr, Gpx1, catalase, 5-aminolevulinate synthase and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase was not altered in any group of the onion fed rats. By contrast, gamma-glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic subunit gene expression was upregulated but only in rats given the onion residue. The onion by-products as well as the soluble and insoluble fractions had prebiotic effects as evidenced by decreased pH, increased butyrate production and altered gut microbiota enzyme activities. In conclusion, the onion by-products have no in vivo genotoxicity, may support in vivo antioxidative defence and alter the functionality of the rat gut microbiota.
Authors:
Eduvigis Rold??n-Mar??n; Britta N Krath; Morten Poulsen; Mona-Lise Binderup; Tom H Nielsen; Max Hansen; Thaer Barri; S??ren Langkilde; M Pilar Cano; Concepci??n S??nchez-Moreno; Lars O Dragsted
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2009-08-17
Journal Detail:
Title:  The British journal of nutrition     Volume:  102     ISSN:  1475-2662     ISO Abbreviation:  Br. J. Nutr.     Publication Date:  2009 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-12-01     Completed Date:  2010-01-11     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0372547     Medline TA:  Br J Nutr     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1574-82     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Toxicology and Risk Assessment, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, M??rkh??j Bygade 19, S??borg, Denmark.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Antioxidants / metabolism
Cecum / anatomy & histology,  microbiology*
DNA Damage*
Dietary Carbohydrates / analysis
Fatty Acids, Volatile / biosynthesis
Food Analysis / methods
Fructans / analysis
Gastrointestinal Transit / drug effects
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / drug effects
Heme / biosynthesis
Hemoglobins / metabolism
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / drug effects
Liver / enzymology
Male
Models, Animal
Oligosaccharides / analysis
Onions / chemistry*
Organ Size / drug effects
Plant Extracts / adverse effects*,  pharmacology
Rats
Rats, Inbred F344
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Antioxidants; 0/Dietary Carbohydrates; 0/Fatty Acids, Volatile; 0/Fructans; 0/Hemoglobins; 0/Idolax; 0/Oligosaccharides; 0/Plant Extracts; 14875-96-8/Heme

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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