| Effects of low-level exposure to sarin and cyclosarin during the 1991 Gulf War on brain function and brain structure in US veterans. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 20580739 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
BACKGROUND: Potentially more than 100,000 US troops may have been exposed to the organophosphate chemical warfare agents sarin (GB) and cyclosarin (GF) when a munitions dump at Khamisiyah, Iraq was destroyed during the Gulf War (GW) in 1991. Although little is known about the long-term neurobehavioral or neurophysiological effects of low-dose exposure to GB/GF in humans, recent studies of GW veterans from the Devens Cohort suggest decrements in certain cognitive domains and atrophy in brain white matter occur individuals with higher estimated levels of presumed GB/GF exposure. The goal of the current study is to determine the generalizability of these findings in another cohort of GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure. METHODS: Neurobehavioral and imaging data collected in a study on Gulf War Illness between 2002 and 2007 were used in this study. We focused on the data of 40 GW-deployed veterans categorized as having been exposed to GB/GF at Khamisiyah, Iraq and 40 matched controls. Magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the brain were analyzed using automated and semi-automated image processing techniques that produced volumetric measurements of gray matter (GM), white matter (WM), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and hippocampus. RESULTS: GW veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure had reduced total GM and hippocampal volumes compared to their unexposed peers (p< or =0.01). Although there were no group differences in measures of cognitive function or total WM volume, there were significant, positive correlations between total WM volume and measures of executive function and visuospatial abilities in veterans with suspected GB/GF exposure. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that low-level exposure to GB/GF can have deleterious effects on brain structure and brain function more than decade later. |
| | |
Authors:
|
Linda L Chao; Johannes C Rothlind; Valerie A Cardenas; Dieter J Meyerhoff; Michael W Weiner |
Related Documents
:
|
17923749 - Multiple intracranial tuberculomas mimicking granulocytic sarcomas in acute myeloid leu... 21097319 - In vivo mri study of the visual system in normal, developing and injured rodent brains. 12558249 - Experimental demonstration of noninvasive transskull adaptive focusing based on prior c... 22217719 - The sound of one-hand clapping: handedness and perisylvian neural correlates of a commu... 16860869 - Application of magnetic resonance imaging in developmental neurotoxicity testing: a pil... 14676719 - Imaging features of brain tuberculoma in tanzania: case report and literature review. 2984719 - Hepatic tumors: differentiation by transverse relaxation time (t2) of magnetic resonanc... 12869689 - Schatzki ring, statistically reexamined. 20933639 - Radiation-reduction strategies in cardiac computed tomographic angiography. |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Date: 2010-05-24 |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Neurotoxicology Volume: 31 ISSN: 1872-9711 ISO Abbreviation: Neurotoxicology Publication Date: 2010 Sep |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 2010-09-06 Completed Date: 2010-12-21 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 7905589 Medline TA: Neurotoxicology Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 493-501 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
|
Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
|
Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 4150 Clement Street, 114 M, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. linda.chao@ucsf.edu |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
Adult Brain / drug effects, pathology*, physiopathology Chemical Warfare Agents / toxicity* Cognition Disorders* / etiology, pathology, physiopathology Factor Analysis, Statistical Female Gulf War Hospitals, Veterans / statistics & numerical data Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods Male Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Organophosphorus Compounds / toxicity* Persian Gulf Syndrome* / chemically induced, pathology, physiopathology Sarin / toxicity* United States Veterans / statistics & numerical data |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
|
P41 RR023953/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; P41 RR023953-04/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
|
0/Chemical Warfare Agents; 0/Organophosphorus Compounds; 107-44-8/Sarin; 329-99-7/cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: MHC class IIalpha gene polymorphism and its association with resistance/susceptibility to Vibrio ang...
Next Document: Effects of a multi-faceted program to increase influenza vaccine uptake among health care workers in...