| Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and other lipids: a review. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22264569 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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In this exploratory, hypothesis-generating literature review, we evaluated potentially differential effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and non-HDL-C in published studies of ω-3 fatty acid supplementation or prescription ω-3 fatty acid ethyl esters. Placebo-adjusted changes in mean lipid parameters were compared in randomized, controlled trials in subjects treated for ≥ 4 weeks with DHA or EPA. Of 22 studies identified, 6 compared DHA with EPA directly, 12 studied DHA alone (including 14 DHA-treated groups), and 4 examined EPA alone. In studies directly comparing EPA with DHA, a net increase in LDL-C of 3.3% was observed with DHA (DHA: +2.6%; EPA: -0.7%). In such head-to-head comparative studies, DHA treatment was associated with a net decrease in TG by 6.8% (DHA: -22.4%; EPA: -15.6%); a net increase in non-HDL-C by 1.7% (DHA: -1.2%; EPA -2.9%); and a net increase in HDL-C by 5.9% (DHA: +7.3%; EPA: +1.4%). Increases in LDL-C were also observed in 71% of DHA-alone groups [with demonstrated statistical significance (P < .05) in 67% (8 of 12) DHA-alone studies] but not in any EPA-alone studies. Changes in LDL-C significantly correlated with baseline TG for DHA-treated groups. The range of HDL-C increases documented in DHA-alone vs EPA-alone studies further supports the fact that HDL-C is increased more substantially by DHA than EPA. In total, these findings suggest that DHA-containing supplements or therapies were associated with more significant increases in LDL-C and HDL-C than were EPA-containing supplements or therapies. Future prospective, randomized trials are warranted to confirm these preliminary findings, determine the potential effects of these fatty acids on other clinical outcomes, and evaluate the generalizability of the data to larger and more heterogeneous patient populations. |
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Authors:
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Terry A Jacobson; Sara B Glickstein; Jonathan D Rowe; Paresh N Soni |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review Date: 2011-11-03 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of clinical lipidology Volume: 6 ISSN: 1933-2874 ISO Abbreviation: J Clin Lipidol Publication Date: 2012 Jan-Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-01-23 Completed Date: 2012-05-18 Revised Date: 2012-11-23 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101300157 Medline TA: J Clin Lipidol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 5-18 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2012 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Office of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Faculty Office Building, 49 Jesse Hill Jr. Drive SE, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA. tjaco02@emory.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Cholesterol
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blood Cholesterol, LDL / blood* Docosahexaenoic Acids / pharmacology*, therapeutic use Eicosapentaenoic Acid / pharmacology*, therapeutic use Humans Hyperlipidemias / blood*, drug therapy Hypolipidemic Agents / pharmacology*, therapeutic use Lipid Metabolism / drug effects Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Outcome Triglycerides / blood |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cholesterol, LDL; 0/Hypolipidemic Agents; 0/Triglycerides; 1553-41-9/Eicosapentaenoic Acid; 25167-62-8/Docosahexaenoic Acids; 57-88-5/Cholesterol |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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J Clin Lipidol. 2012 Sep-Oct;6(5):477; author reply 477-9
[PMID:
23009786
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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