| Effects of early and late-gestational maternal stress and synthetic glucocorticoid on development of the fetal hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in sheep. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22512268 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Prenatal maternal stress (PMS) programs dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) in postnatal life, though time periods vulnerable to PMS are still unclear. We evaluated in pregnant sheep the effect of PMS during early gestation (30 - 100 days, dGA; term is 150 dGA) or late gestation (100-120 dGA) on development of fetal HPAA function. We compared the effects of endogenous cortisol with synthetic glucocorticoid exposure, as used clinically to enhance fetal lung maturation. Pregnant sheep were exposed to repeated isolation stress twice per week for 3h in a separate box with no visual, tactile or auditory contact with their flock-mates either during early (n=7) or late (n=7) gestation. Additional groups received two courses of betamethasone (n=7; 2 x 110μg.kg(-1) body weight 24h apart) during late gestation (106/107 and 112/113 dGA, n=7) or acted as controls (n=7). Fetal cortisol responses to hypotensive challenge, a physiological fetal stressor, were measured at 112 and 129 dGA, i.e. before and during maturation of the HPAA. Hypotension was induced by fetal infusion of sodium nitroprusside, a potent vasodilator. At 112 dGA, neither PMS nor betamethasone altered fetal cortisol responses. PMS during early or late gestation, and betamethasone treatment increased fetal cortisol responses at 129 dGA with the greatest increase achieved in stressed early pregnant sheep. Thus, development of the HPAA is vulnerable to inappropriate levels of glucocorticoids during long periods of fetal life, whereas early gestation is most vulnerable to PMS. |
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Authors:
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Florian Rakers; Vilmar Frauendorf; Sven Rupprecht; Rene Schiffner; Sabine Bischoff; Michael Kiehntopf; Petra Reinhold; Otto W Witte; Harald Schubert; Matthias Schwab |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-4-18 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) Volume: - ISSN: 1607-8888 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-4-19 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9617529 Medline TA: Stress Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital , Jena , Germany, 07747. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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