| Effects of directional exercise on lingual strength. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19641080 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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PURPOSE: To examine the application of known muscle training principles to tongue strengthening exercises and to answer the following research questions: (a) Did lingual strength increase following 9 weeks of training? (b) Did training conducted using an exercise moving the tongue in one direction result in strength changes for tongue movements in other directions? (c) Were differential training effects observed for participants completing exercises sequentially (in isolation) versus concurrently (several exercises in combination)? (d) Were strength gains maintained after exercise was discontinued? Methods Participants were 39 healthy adults assigned to sequential or concurrent lingual strength training. Lingual exercise (elevation, protrusion, and/or lateralization) was conducted for 9 weeks, with lingual strength and cheek strength (control variable) assessed weekly. RESULTS: All lingual strength measures increased with training, but cheek strength remained unchanged. Training effects were not related to training condition (sequential vs. concurrent), nor were specificity effects observed for direction of exercise. Significant decreases in lingual strength were noted 2-4 weeks after exercise was discontinued. CONCLUSIONS: The findings replicate those of earlier studies demonstrating that lingual strength may be increased with a variety of exercise protocols and confirm that detraining effects may be observed when training is discontinued. The findings further suggest that the lingual musculature may demonstrate less dramatic training specificity than what has been reported for skeletal muscles. |
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Authors:
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Heather M Clark; Katy O'Brien; Aimee Calleja; Sarah Newcomb Corrie |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of speech, language, and hearing research : JSLHR Volume: 52 ISSN: 1092-4388 ISO Abbreviation: J. Speech Lang. Hear. Res. Publication Date: 2009 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-07-30 Completed Date: 2009-09-17 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9705610 Medline TA: J Speech Lang Hear Res Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1034-47 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Language, Reading, and Exceptionalities, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA. clarkhm@appstate.edu |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Aged Analysis of Variance Cheek Exercise* Female Humans Male Middle Aged Muscle Strength* Tongue* Young Adult |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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