Document Detail


Effects of torsion on intervertebral disc gene expression and biomechanics, using a rat tail model.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20736890     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
STUDY DESIGN: In vitro and in vivo rat tail model to assess effects of torsion on intervertebral disc biomechanics and gene expression.
OBJECTIVE: Investigate effects of torsion on promoting biosynthesis and producing injury in rat caudal intervertebral discs.
SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Torsion is an important loading mode in the disc and increased torsional range of motion is associated with clinical symptoms from disc disruption. Altered elastin content is implicated in disc degeneration, but its effects on torsional loading are unknown. Although effects of compression have been studied, the effect of torsion on intervertebral disc gene expression is unknown.
METHODS: In vitro biomechanical tests were performed in torsion on rat tail motion segments subjected to 4 treatments: elastase, collagenase, genipin, control. In vivo tests were performed on rats with Ilizarov-type fixators implanted to caudal motion segments with five 90 minute loading groups: 1 Hz cyclic torsion to ± 5 ± 15° and ± 30°, static torsion to + 30°, and sham. Anulus and nucleus tissues were separately analyzed using qRT-PCR for gene expression of anabolic, catabolic, and proinflammatory cytokine markers.
RESULTS: In vitro tests showed decreased torsional stiffness following elastase treatment and no changes in stiffness with frequency. In vivo tests showed no significant changes in dynamic stiffness with time. Cyclic torsion upregulated elastin expression in the anulus fibrosus. Up regulation of TNF-α and IL-1β was measured at ±30°.
CONCLUSION: We conclude that strong differences in the disc response to cyclic torsion and compression are apparent with torsion increasing elastin expression and compression resulting in a more substantial increase in disc metabolism in the nucleus pulposus. Results highlight the importance of elastin in torsional loading and suggest that elastin remodels in response to shearing. Torsional loading can cause injury to the disc at excessive amplitudes that are detectable biologically before they are biomechanically.
Authors:
Ana Barbir; Karolyn E Godburn; Arthur J Michalek; Alon Lai; Robert D Monsey; James C Iatridis
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Spine     Volume:  36     ISSN:  1528-1159     ISO Abbreviation:  Spine     Publication Date:  2011 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2011-04-07     Completed Date:  2011-07-22     Revised Date:  2012-02-17    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  7610646     Medline TA:  Spine (Phila Pa 1976)     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  607-14     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
School of Engineering, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Animals
Biomechanics
Compressive Strength / physiology
Elastin / genetics
Gene Expression*
Humans
Interleukin-1beta / genetics
Intervertebral Disc / metabolism,  physiology*
Models, Animal
Range of Motion, Articular
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Spine / metabolism,  physiology*
Stress, Mechanical
Tail / metabolism,  physiology*
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
Weight-Bearing / physiology
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
R01 AR051146/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS; R01 AR051146-03/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS; R01 AR051146-04/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS; R01 AR051146-05/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS; R01 AR051146-06/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS; R01 AR051146-08/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Interleukin-1beta; 0/Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; 9007-58-3/Elastin

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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