| Effects of Cotrimoxazole Prophylactic Treatment on Adverse Health Outcomes Among HIV-exposed, Uninfected Infants. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22801093 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND:: The World Health Organization guidelines recommend cotrimoxazole prophylactic treatment (CPT) for all HIV-exposed infants from age 6 weeks to the cessation of breastfeeding and the exclusion of HIV infection. There are limited data on the effects of CPT among this population of infants. We examined the effects of CPT on adverse health outcomes among HIV-exposed infants during the first 36 weeks of life using data from the Breastfeeding, Antiretrovirals and Nutrition study, a large clinical trial of antiretroviral drugs given to the mother or infant for the prevention of HIV transmission during breastfeeding. METHODS:: For the analysis, we assigned a status of CPT-exposed to infants who were participating in the study after the CPT program started. We estimated unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios for the effect of CPT status on time to incident malaria, severe illness or death, anemia, and weight-for-age Z score < -2.0. Participation in the study was limited to focus exclusively on HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. RESULTS:: The hazard ratio for the effect of CPT on incident malaria was 0.35 (95% confidence interval: 0.21, 0.57) during the first 10 weeks of CPT exposure and 0.93 (95% confidence interval: 0.67, 1.29) for the remaining 20 weeks. CPT was not associated with the other outcomes examined. CONCLUSIONS:: CPT offered temporary protection against malaria among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. However, CPT offered no protection against anemia, low weight for age or the collapsed outcome of severe illness or death. |
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Authors:
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Anna Dow; Dumbani Kayira; Michael Hudgens; Annelies Van Rie; Caroline C King; Sascha Ellington; Athena Kourtis; Abigail Norris Turner; Steven Meshnick; Zebrone Kacheche; Denise J Jamieson; Charles Chasela; Charles van der Horst |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The Pediatric infectious disease journal Volume: 31 ISSN: 1532-0987 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-7-17 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8701858 Medline TA: Pediatr Infect Dis J Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: 842-847 Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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From the *Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC; †University of North Carolina Project, Lilongwe, Malawi; ‡Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina Gillings School of Global Public Health, Chapel Hill, NC; §Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; ¶Division of Infectious Diseases, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; and ║Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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