| Effectiveness of wastewater management in rural areas of developing countries: a case of Al-Chouf Caza in Lebanon. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19184488 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Alike many developing countries, Lebanon lacks a national wastewater management strategy that can effectively protect public health and environmental quality. This has led the local communities and municipalities to plan and implement their own arrangements for wastewater treatment systems. However, most municipalities still lack the human and financial resources, management capabilities, and environmental awareness necessary to implement wastewater management in an environmentally sound manner. As such, the effectiveness of these systems, particularly with regard to the quality of the treated effluent, warrants evaluation. Accordingly, a performance evaluation of the treatment/disposal systems, taking three villages in Al-Chouf Caza in Lebanon as a case study, was carried out. The conducted field work, visual assessment, and laboratory analyses of effluent discharges revealed that the existing systems for wastewater treatment in the three villages are either not properly functioning or operational but ineffective and, consequently, hardly achieve any treatment higher than primary. Although developing countries are being encouraged to implement wastewater treatment systems with the promise of financial aid from developed nations, it is important that local conditions are considered carefully to make full use of any aid. It is very crucial to take into account the economic status of the community and the municipality in question. There is no point in adopting the most advanced technology for wastewater treatment if there is no mechanism to ensure maximum efficiency. |
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Authors:
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May A Massoud; Jawaria Tareen; Akram Tarhini; Joumana Nasr; Mey Jurdi |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2009-01-30 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Environmental monitoring and assessment Volume: 161 ISSN: 1573-2959 ISO Abbreviation: Environ Monit Assess Publication Date: 2010 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-01-07 Completed Date: 2010-03-16 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8508350 Medline TA: Environ Monit Assess Country: Netherlands |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 61-9 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236, Bliss Street, Riad el Solh 1107, 2020, Beirut, Lebanon. may.massoud@aub.edu.lb |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Developing Countries* Lebanon Waste Disposal, Fluid / methods*, standards |
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