| Effect of source and level of dietary vitamin D in maternal and creep diet on bone metabolism and growth in piglets. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 21278113 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Piglets are born with low plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OH-D(3)) and thus highly predisposed to vitamin D deficiency. Furthermore, sow milk contains only little vitamin D and the slow intestinal vitamin D absorption limits the efficacy of dietary vitamin D supplementation. The neonate hence depends on a large extent to vitamin D stores built up in fetal tissues from maternal sources. The current study was undertaken to evaluate whether the source and level of dietary vitamin D provided to the gestating and lactating sow, and also directly in the form of creep feed to the piglet, influence the vitamin D status, growth performance, and skeletal development of piglets. A total of 39 primiparous and multiparous sows were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 dietary treatments (13 in each treatment), supplemented with either 5 or 50 μg of the commonly used cholecalciferol (vitamin D(3)) or 50 μg of 25-OH-D(3) per kg feed. By wk 3 of lactation, piglets were offered a creep diet with vitamin D supplementation according to the treatment of their dam, and they were offered the same creep diets after weaning at d 35 of age until they reached a BW of approximately 20 kg. When dietary 25-OH-D(3) was provided, circulating concentrations of 25-OH-D(3) in piglet serum increased (P < 0.05) as early as at d 21 and later at d 33 and 77, indicting greater body stores in those animals. Bone breaking strength and cortical bone mineral content and density at the tibial midshaft of piglets were reduced (P < 0.05) when vitamin D(3 )was supplemented at 5 μg/kg compared with other groups, but there were no differences between the 2 other groups. After weaning, ADFI was greater (P < 0.05), and growth performance tended (P = 0.08) to improve when doses of 50 μg/kg were administered, regardless of the vitamin D source. In conclusion, supplementation of the diet with 50 μg/kg of either source of vitamin D has been proved to be adequate in meeting the needs of gestating sows and in permitting accumulation in fetal tissues, as well as normal skeletal mineralization and growth in the offspring. Furthermore, the markedly improved vitamin D status of piglets whose mothers received 25-OH-D(3) possibly resulted from greater tissue reserves present at birth and a higher availability when released from those stores. |
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Authors:
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A-K M Witschi; A Liesegang; S Gebert; G M Weber; C Wenk |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2011-1-28 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of animal science Volume: - ISSN: 1525-3163 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2011 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-1-31 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8003002 Medline TA: J Anim Sci Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Institute of Plant, Animal and Agroecosystem Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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