| Effect of altitude on second-generation blood tests to detect erythropoietin abuse by athletes. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12969814 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: ON- and OFF-model scores derived from blood parameters sensitive to erythropoiesis have been shown to be a useful tool to identify athletes who are currently injecting erythropoietin to enhance performance or those who have recently stopped doing so. We investigated changes in blood parameters and model scores during and after exposure to terrestrial and simulated altitudes. DESIGN AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated changes in hematologic data collected from 19 elite cyclists who lived and trained 2690 m above sea level for 26-31 days, from six elite Kenyan runners who lived 2100 m above sea level but descended to compete at sea level competitions, and from 39 well-trained subjects who resided at sea level but slept at a simulated altitude of 2650-3000 m for 20-23 days of either consecutive or intermittent nightly exposure. RESULTS: Upon ascent to a terrestrial altitude, ON- and OFF-model scores increased immediately, mainly because of an increase in hemoglobin concentration. Scores had not returned fully to baseline three weeks after return to sea level, because of the persistence of the raised hemoglobin concentration for the ON and OFF scores and a fall in reticulocyte percentage for OFF scores. Effects were smaller or negligible for simulated altitude. For Kenyan runners, ON- and OFF-model scores decreased within seven days of descent to sea level. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Our results reinforce the notion that caution should be exercised when interpreting blood results from athletes who have recently been exposed to either terrestrial or simulated altitude, and appropriate allowance should be made for the effect of altitude on blood model scores. |
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Authors:
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Michael J Ashenden; Christopher J Gore; Robin Parisotto; Ken Sharpe; Will G Hopkins; Allan G Hahn |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Haematologica Volume: 88 ISSN: 1592-8721 ISO Abbreviation: Haematologica Publication Date: 2003 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2003-09-12 Completed Date: 2004-09-28 Revised Date: 2006-11-15 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0417435 Medline TA: Haematologica Country: Italy |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1053-62 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Science and Industry against Blood doping, Gold Coast QLD 4217, Australia. heyasho@hotmail.com |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Acclimatization Altitude* Bicycling Cohort Studies Doping in Sports / prevention & control* Erythropoiesis / physiology Erythropoietin / blood* Hematocrit / standards, trends Hematologic Tests / standards*, trends* Hemoglobins / metabolism Humans Male Models, Biological Reference Values Reticulocyte Count / standards, trends Reticulocytes / metabolism Retrospective Studies Running |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Hemoglobins; 11096-26-7/Erythropoietin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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