| Early demethylation of non-CpG, CpC-rich, elements in the myogenin 5'-flanking region: a priming effect on the spreading of active demethylation. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20935518 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The dynamic changes and structural patterns of DNA methylation of genes without CpG islands are poorly characterized. The relevance of CpG to the non-CpG methylation equilibrium in transcriptional repression is unknown. In this work, we analyzed the DNA methylation pattern of the 5'-flanking of the myogenin gene, a positive regulator of muscle differentiation with no CpG island and low CpG density, in both C2C12 muscle satellite cells and embryonic muscle. Embryonic brain was studied as a non-expressing tissue. High levels of both CpG and non-CpG methylation were observed in non-expressing experimental conditions. Both CpG and non-CpG methylation rapidly dropped during muscle differentiation and myogenin transcriptional activation, with an active demethylation dynamics. Non-CpG demethylation occurred more rapidly than CpG demethylation. Demethylation spread from initially highly methylated short CpC-rich elements to a virtually unmethylated status. These short elements have a high CpC content and density, share some motifs and largely coincide with putative recognition sequences of some differentiation-related transcription factors. Our findings point to a dynamically controlled equilibrium between CpG and non-CpG active demethylation in the transcriptional control of tissue-specific genes. The short CpC-rich elements are new structural features of the methylation machinery, whose functions may include priming the complete demethylation of a transcriptionally crucial DNA region. |
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Authors:
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Andrea Fuso; Giampiero Ferraguti; Francesco Grandoni; Raffaella Ruggeri; Sigfrido Scarpa; Roberto Strom; Marco Lucarelli |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-10-29 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Cell cycle (Georgetown, Tex.) Volume: 9 ISSN: 1551-4005 ISO Abbreviation: Cell Cycle Publication Date: 2010 Oct |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-10-27 Completed Date: 2011-03-02 Revised Date: 2011-07-28 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101137841 Medline TA: Cell Cycle Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 3965-76 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Surgery P. Valdoni, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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5' Flanking Region
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genetics* Animals Base Sequence Cell Line Cluster Analysis CpG Islands* DNA Methylation* Gene Expression Regulation Humans Mice Molecular Sequence Data Muscle Development / physiology Muscle, Skeletal / cytology, physiology Myogenin / genetics*, metabolism Promoter Regions, Genetic |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Myogenin |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Cell Cycle. 2010 Oct 1;9(19):3846-7
[PMID:
20948285
]
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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