| The E3 ubiquitin ligase GREUL1 anteriorizes ectoderm during Xenopus development. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 12435366 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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We have identified a family of RING finger proteins that are orthologous to Drosophila Goliath (G1, Gol). One of the members, GREUL1 (Goliath Related E3 Ubiquitin Ligase 1), can convert Xenopus ectoderm into XAG-1- and Otx2-expressing cells in the absence of both neural tissue and muscle. This activity, combined with the finding that XGREUL1 is expressed within the cement gland, suggests a role for GREUL1 in the generation of anterior ectoderm. Although GREUL1 is not a direct inducer of neural tissue, it can activate the formation of ectopic neural cells within the epidermis of intact embryos. This suggests that GREUL1 can sensitize ectoderm to neuralizing signals. In this paper, we provide evidence that GREUL1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase. Using a biochemical assay, we show that GREUL1 catalyzes the addition of polyubiquitin chains. These events are mediated by the RING domain since a mutation in two of the cysteines abolishes ligase activity. Mutation of these cysteines also compromises GREUL1's ability to induce cement gland. Thus, GREUL1's RING domain is necessary for both the ubiquitination of substrates and for the conversion of ectoderm to an anterior fate. |
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Authors:
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Annette G M Borchers; Andrew L Hufton; Adam G Eldridge; Peter K Jackson; Richard M Harland; Julie C Baker |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Developmental biology Volume: 251 ISSN: 0012-1606 ISO Abbreviation: Dev. Biol. Publication Date: 2002 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2002-11-18 Completed Date: 2002-12-12 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0372762 Medline TA: Dev Biol Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 395-408 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Amino Acid Sequence Animals Ectoderm / physiology* Epidermis / embryology Ligases / analysis, chemistry, physiology* Mice Molecular Sequence Data Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases Xenopus / embryology* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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R01 HD 41557/HD/NICHD NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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EC 6.-/Ligases; EC 6.3.2.19/Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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