| Dysfunctional Pro-Ceramide, ER Stress,and Insulin/IGF Signaling Networks with Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22297646 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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In Alzheimer's disease (AD), brain insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) resistance and deficiency begin early, and worsen with severity of disease. The factors mediating progression of brain insulin/IGF resistance in AD are not well understood. We hypothesize that AD progression is mediated via negative cross-talk that promotes toxic ceramide generation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The rationale is that insulin resistance dysregulates lipid metabolism and promotes ceramide accumulation, and thereby increases inflammation and stress. Consequences include disruption of cytoskeletal function and AβPP-Aβ secretion. The present study correlates AD stage with activation of pro-ceramide genes, ceramide levels, and molecular indices of ER stress in postmortem human brain tissue. The results demonstrated that in AD, brain insulin/IGF resistance was associated with constitutive activation of multiple pro-ceramide genes, increased ceramide levels, and increased expression of pro-ER stress pathway genes and proteins. Expression of several pro-ceramide and pro-apoptotic ER stress pathway molecules increased with AD severity and brain insulin/IGF resistance. In contrast, ER stress molecules that help maintain homeostasis with respect to unfolded protein responses were mainly upregulated in the intermediate rather than late stage of AD. These findings support our hypothesis that in AD, a triangulated mal-signaling network initiated by brain insulin/IGF resistance is propagated by the dysregulation of ceramide and ER stress homeostasis, which themselves promote insulin resistance. Therefore, once established, this reverberating loop must be targeted using multi-pronged approaches to disrupt the AD neurodegeneration cascade. |
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Authors:
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Suzanne M de la Monte; Edward Re; Lisa Longato; Ming Tong |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-2-1 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD Volume: - ISSN: 1875-8908 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Feb |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-2-2 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9814863 Medline TA: J Alzheimers Dis Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Affiliation:
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Departments of Pathology (Neuropathology), Neurology, and Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital and the Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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