| Dysbarism: the medical problems from high and low atmospheric pressure. | |
| | |
MedLine Citation:
|
PMID: 8289154 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
|
The most serious problems resulting from a change in ambient pressure are pulmonary barotrauma with air embolism and decompression sickness. The small differential pressures used in ventilators at atmospheric pressure may tear lung tissue and, in diving, deaths have occurred from the expansion of pulmonary gas on an ascent of less than two metres. The bubbles of respired gas that enter the systemic circulation often occlude cerebral arteries and may cause infarction. In decompression sickness, bubbles form in the tissues from supersaturation of the nitrogen or helium absorbed under pressure. Joint pain--the 'bends'--is associated with gas in particular connective tissue. Serious decompression sickness results from the entry of microbubbles into the systemic veins. Large numbers of bubbles trapped in the lung cause an acute respiratory syndrome known as 'chokes'. If the lung filter is overwhelmed, or microbubbles pass into the systemic arteries through an atrial septal defect, they may open the blood-brain barrier, affecting brain and spinal cord function. Untreated, demyelination with relative preservation of axons may occur, the pathological hallmarks of multiple sclerosis. Gas bubble disease requires urgent compression in a hyperbaric chamber and the use of high partial pressures of oxygen. |
| | |
Authors:
|
P B James |
Related Documents
:
|
22951604 - Density-driven structural transformations in network forming glasses: a high-pressure n... 17963414 - The drop size in membrane emulsification determined from the balance of capillary and h... 11843204 - Differential pressure response of 25-mm-diameter glass fiber filters challenged with co... 23368674 - Separation of ions in nanofluidic channels with combined pressure-driven and electroomo... 16648184 - Evidence of impaired hypoxic vasodilation after intermediate-duration hypoxic exposure ... 16875904 - Rationale and design: the valsartan in diastolic dysfunction (validd) trial: evolving t... |
Publication Detail:
|
Type: Journal Article; Review |
Journal Detail:
|
Title: Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London Volume: 27 ISSN: 0035-8819 ISO Abbreviation: J R Coll Physicians Lond Publication Date: 1993 Oct |
Date Detail:
|
Created Date: 1994-02-22 Completed Date: 1994-02-22 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
|
Nlm Unique ID: 7503108 Medline TA: J R Coll Physicians Lond Country: ENGLAND |
Other Details:
|
Languages: eng Pagination: 367-74 Citation Subset: IM; S |
Affiliation:
|
Wolfson Hyperbaric Medicine Unit, Ninewells Hospital, Medical School, Dundee. |
Export Citation:
|
APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
|
Atmospheric Pressure* Barotrauma* / diagnosis, etiology, physiopathology, therapy Decompression Sickness* / diagnosis, etiology, physiopathology, therapy Embolism, Air* / diagnosis, etiology, physiopathology, therapy Humans Hyperbaric Oxygenation Lung Injury* Magnetic Resonance Imaging |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
|
J R Coll Physicians Lond. 1994 Jan-Feb;28(1):88-9
[PMID:
8169898
]
|
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
Previous Document: The clinical implications of autoantibody detection in rheumatology.
Next Document: Hazards of air travel for the obese: Miss Pickwick and the Boeing 747.