Document Detail


Down syndrome and beta-amyloid deposition.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  15021233     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Exciting new therapeutic approaches to the treatment or prevention of Alzheimer's disease involve preventing, slowing or reversing beta-amyloid accumulation. These interventions may also apply to the treatment of Alzheimer's disease in Down syndrome. The purpose of the current review is therefore to summarize developments and advances in our understanding of beta-amyloid pathogenesis in Down syndrome over the past year. RECENT FINDINGS: A shift in research to a focus on early events in beta-amyloid pathogenesis in Down syndrome has led to several novel observations. Several authors have reported the accumulation of both soluble and intracellular beta-amyloid before extracellular beta-amyloid (senile plaques) in Down syndrome. Increases in beta-amyloid levels in Down syndrome may reflect the increased expression and protein levels of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzyme 2 on chromosome 21. The impact of the accumulation of beta-amyloid may have differential effects on development and aging in Down syndrome. SUMMARY: The past year has seen significant advances in our understanding of beta-amyloid pathogenesis and the functional consequences of beta-amyloid accumulation in Down syndrome. However, there are still large gaps in our knowledge of the pathways involved in beta-amyloid degradation and clearance. It will be critical to conduct clinical trials to test therapeutic strategies that may reduce beta-amyloid in Down syndrome directly to determine the optimal age and dose for specific interventions. Given the differences in the mechanism of beta-amyloid accumulation in Down syndrome, careful consideration needs to be given to potential clinical trials to treat this disorder.
Authors:
Elizabeth Head; Ira T Lott
Related Documents :
8856273 - Membranous nephropathy complicating adenolymphoma of the parotid (warthin's tumour).
16382323 - Discordant evolution of nephrotic syndrome in mono- and dizygotic twins.
21960133 - Diffusion tensor imaging in carpal tunnel syndrome.
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Review    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Current opinion in neurology     Volume:  17     ISSN:  1350-7540     ISO Abbreviation:  Curr. Opin. Neurol.     Publication Date:  2004 Apr 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2004-03-15     Completed Date:  2004-08-26     Revised Date:  2009-11-19    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9319162     Medline TA:  Curr Opin Neurol     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  95-100     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Institute for Brain Aging and Dementia, Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA. ehead@uci.edu
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Alzheimer Disease / diagnosis,  genetics,  pathology
Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases
Amyloid beta-Protein / metabolism*
Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / metabolism
Amyloidosis, Familial / diagnosis,  genetics*,  pathology
Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / genetics*
Brain / pathology
Child
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21*
Down Syndrome / diagnosis,  genetics*,  pathology
Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / physiology
Humans
Lipid Peroxidation / genetics,  physiology
Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
Superoxide Dismutase / genetics,  physiology
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Amyloid beta-Protein; 0/Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; 0/Reactive Oxygen Species; EC 1.15.1.1/Superoxide Dismutase; EC 3.4.-/Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; EC 3.4.23.-/Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Management of late-onset bleb leaks.
Next Document:  Recent advances in neurofibromatosis type 1.