| Dose effects of dietary phytosterols on cholesterol metabolism: a controlled feeding study. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19889819 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Phytosterol supplementation of 2 g/d is recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program to reduce LDL cholesterol. However, the effects of different intakes of phytosterol on cholesterol metabolism are uncertain. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effects of 3 phytosterol intakes on whole-body cholesterol metabolism. DESIGN: In this placebo-controlled, crossover feeding trial, 18 adults received a phytosterol-deficient diet (50 mg phytosterols/2000 kcal) plus beverages supplemented with 0, 400, or 2000 mg phytosterols/d for 4 wk each, in random order. All meals were prepared in a metabolic kitchen; breakfast and dinner on weekdays were eaten on site. Primary outcomes were fecal cholesterol excretion and intestinal cholesterol absorption measured with stable-isotope tracers and serum lipoprotein concentrations. RESULTS: Phytosterol intakes (diet plus supplements) averaged 59, 459, and 2059 mg/d during the 3 diet periods. Relative to the 59-mg diet, the 459- and 2059-mg phytosterol intakes significantly (P < 0.01) increased total fecal cholesterol excretion (36 +/- 6% and 74 +/- 10%, respectively) and biliary cholesterol excretion (38 +/- 7% and 77 +/- 12%, respectively) and reduced percentage intestinal cholesterol absorption (-10 +/- 1% and -25 +/- 3%, respectively). Serum LDL cholesterol declined significantly only with the highest phytosterol dose (-8.9 +/- 2.3%); a trend was observed with the 459-mg/d dose (-5.0 +/- 2.1%; P = 0.077). CONCLUSIONS: Dietary phytosterols in moderate and high doses favorably alter whole-body cholesterol metabolism in a dose-dependent manner. A moderate phytosterol intake (459 mg/d) can be obtained in a healthy diet without supplementation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00860054. |
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Authors:
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Susan B Racette; Xiaobo Lin; Michael Lefevre; Catherine Anderson Spearie; Marlene M Most; Lina Ma; Richard E Ostlund |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Date: 2009-11-04 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of clinical nutrition Volume: 91 ISSN: 1938-3207 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Publication Date: 2010 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-12-21 Completed Date: 2010-01-13 Revised Date: 2011-07-19 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376027 Medline TA: Am J Clin Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 32-8 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, and the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 63108, USA. racettes@wustl.edu |
| Data Bank Information | |
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
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ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00860054 |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adolescent Adult Aged Blood Pressure Body Mass Index Cholesterol / metabolism* Cholesterol, LDL / blood Cross-Over Studies Diet Dietary Supplements Female Humans Middle Aged Phytosterols / administration & dosage, blood, pharmacology* Young Adult |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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MO1 RR-00036/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P30 DK056341-09/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P60-DK020579-30/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 HL050420-12/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Cholesterol, LDL; 0/Phytosterols; 57-88-5/Cholesterol |
| Comments/Corrections | |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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