Document Detail


Dose effects of dietary phytosterols on cholesterol metabolism: a controlled feeding study.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19889819     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Phytosterol supplementation of 2 g/d is recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program to reduce LDL cholesterol. However, the effects of different intakes of phytosterol on cholesterol metabolism are uncertain.
OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the effects of 3 phytosterol intakes on whole-body cholesterol metabolism.
DESIGN: In this placebo-controlled, crossover feeding trial, 18 adults received a phytosterol-deficient diet (50 mg phytosterols/2000 kcal) plus beverages supplemented with 0, 400, or 2000 mg phytosterols/d for 4 wk each, in random order. All meals were prepared in a metabolic kitchen; breakfast and dinner on weekdays were eaten on site. Primary outcomes were fecal cholesterol excretion and intestinal cholesterol absorption measured with stable-isotope tracers and serum lipoprotein concentrations.
RESULTS: Phytosterol intakes (diet plus supplements) averaged 59, 459, and 2059 mg/d during the 3 diet periods. Relative to the 59-mg diet, the 459- and 2059-mg phytosterol intakes significantly (P < 0.01) increased total fecal cholesterol excretion (36 +/- 6% and 74 +/- 10%, respectively) and biliary cholesterol excretion (38 +/- 7% and 77 +/- 12%, respectively) and reduced percentage intestinal cholesterol absorption (-10 +/- 1% and -25 +/- 3%, respectively). Serum LDL cholesterol declined significantly only with the highest phytosterol dose (-8.9 +/- 2.3%); a trend was observed with the 459-mg/d dose (-5.0 +/- 2.1%; P = 0.077).
CONCLUSIONS: Dietary phytosterols in moderate and high doses favorably alter whole-body cholesterol metabolism in a dose-dependent manner. A moderate phytosterol intake (459 mg/d) can be obtained in a healthy diet without supplementation. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00860054.
Authors:
Susan B Racette; Xiaobo Lin; Michael Lefevre; Catherine Anderson Spearie; Marlene M Most; Lina Ma; Richard E Ostlund
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural     Date:  2009-11-04
Journal Detail:
Title:  The American journal of clinical nutrition     Volume:  91     ISSN:  1938-3207     ISO Abbreviation:  Am. J. Clin. Nutr.     Publication Date:  2010 Jan 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-12-21     Completed Date:  2010-01-13     Revised Date:  2011-07-19    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0376027     Medline TA:  Am J Clin Nutr     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  32-8     Citation Subset:  AIM; IM    
Affiliation:
Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, and the Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 63108, USA. racettes@wustl.edu
Data Bank Information
Bank Name/Acc. No.:
ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00860054
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Blood Pressure
Body Mass Index
Cholesterol / metabolism*
Cholesterol, LDL / blood
Cross-Over Studies
Diet
Dietary Supplements
Female
Humans
Middle Aged
Phytosterols / administration & dosage,  blood,  pharmacology*
Young Adult
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
MO1 RR-00036/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; P30 DK056341/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P30 DK056341-09/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P60-DK020579-30/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 HL050420-12/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS; RR-00954/RR/NCRR NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Cholesterol, LDL; 0/Phytosterols; 57-88-5/Cholesterol
Comments/Corrections

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