| Does areca nut use lead to dependence? | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 18490113 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: The areca nut is consumed by approximately 10% of the world's population, and its consumption is associated with long-term health risks, with or without tobacco additives. However, it is not known whether its use is associated with a dependence syndrome, as is seen with other psychoactive substances. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether areca nut usage (with or without tobacco additives) could lead to the development of a dependence syndrome. METHODS: Three groups: [a] persons using areca nut preparations without tobacco additives [n=98]; [b] persons using areca nut preparations with tobacco additives [n=44]; and [c] 'Non-users' were systematically assessed using a checklist for the use of areca or areca+tobacco products, patterns of use, presence of a dependence syndrome in users, features of stimulant withdrawal and desired/beneficial effects. RESULTS: 38.8% and 40.8% of the 'areca' group satisfied definitions of current substance-dependence according to DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria respectively. 79.5% of the areca+tobacco group satisfied criteria for current dependent use according to both DSM-IV and ICD-10 criteria. Both the groups reported a well-delineated withdrawal syndrome and similar attributions for desirable effects of use. CONCLUSION: Areca nut use by itself and more so with tobacco additives, is associated with the development of a dependence syndrome in a substantial numbers of users. |
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Authors:
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Vivek Benegal; Ravi P Rajkumar; Kesavan Muralidharan |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article Date: 2008-05-19 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Drug and alcohol dependence Volume: 97 ISSN: 0376-8716 ISO Abbreviation: Drug Alcohol Depend Publication Date: 2008 Sep |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2008-07-14 Completed Date: 2008-12-16 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7513587 Medline TA: Drug Alcohol Depend Country: Ireland |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 114-21 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Deaddiction Centre, Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India. vbenegal@gmail.com <vbenegal@gmail.com> |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Areca / adverse effects* Data Interpretation, Statistical Female Forecasting Humans India / epidemiology Male Mental Disorders / complications, psychology Middle Aged Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Public Health Questionnaires Socioeconomic Factors Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / psychology Substance-Related Disorders / complications, epidemiology, psychology* Tobacco Tobacco Use Disorder / complications, epidemiology, psychology |
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