| Distinguishing persistent insulin autoantibodies with differential risk: nonradioactive bivalent proinsulin/insulin autoantibody assay. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22124462 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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A subset of children develops persistent insulin autoantibodies (IAA; almost always as the only islet autoantibody) without evidence of progression to diabetes. The aim of the current study was the development and characterization of the performance of a nonradioactive fluid phase IAA assay in relation to standard IAA radioassay. We developed a nonradioactive IAA assay where bivalent IAA cross-link two insulin moieties in a fluid phase. The serum samples positive for anti-islet autoantibodies from 150 newly diagnosed patients with diabetes (Barbara Davis Center plus Diabetes Autoantibody Standardization Program [DASP] workshop) and 70 prediabetic subjects who were followed to diabetes were studied. In addition, sequential samples from 64 nondiabetic subjects who were persistently IAA(+) were analyzed. With 99th percentile of specificity, the new assay with the technology from Meso Scale Discovery Company (MSD-IAA) detects as positive 61% (61 of 100) of new-onset patients and 80% (56 of 70) of prediabetic patients compared with our current fluid phase micro-IAA radioassay (mIAA; 44 and 74%, respectively). In addition, MSD-IAA demonstrated better sensitivity than our mIAA from blinded DASP workshop (68 vs. 56% with the same 99% specificity). Of 64 IAA(+) nondiabetic subjects, 25% (8 of 32) who had only IAA and thus the low risk for progression to diabetes were positive with MSD-IAA assay. In contrast, 100% (32 of 32) high-risk children (IAA plus other islet autoantibodies) were positive with MSD-IAA. The IAA detectable by radioassay, but not MSD-IAA, were usually of lower affinity compared with the IAA of the high-risk children. These data suggest that a subset of IAA with current radioassay (not MSD-IAA) represents biologic false positives in terms of autoimmunity leading to diabetes. We hypothesize that factors related to the mechanism of loss of tolerance leading to diabetes determine high affinity and MSD-IAA reactivity. |
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Authors:
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Liping Yu; Dongmei Miao; Laura Scrimgeour; Kelly Johnson; Marian Rewers; George S Eisenbarth |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Evaluation Studies; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2011-11-28 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Diabetes Volume: 61 ISSN: 1939-327X ISO Abbreviation: Diabetes Publication Date: 2012 Jan |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2011-12-21 Completed Date: 2012-02-13 Revised Date: 2012-04-12 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0372763 Medline TA: Diabetes Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 179-86 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado, USA. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Antibody Specificity Autoantibodies / analysis*, blood Case-Control Studies Child Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / blood, diagnosis*, etiology*, immunology Diagnosis, Differential Diagnostic Techniques, Endocrine Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / methods Humans Insulin Antibodies / analysis, blood* Iodine Radioisotopes / analysis, diagnostic use Models, Biological Prediabetic State / blood, immunology Proinsulin / analysis, blood, immunology* Risk Factors Sensitivity and Specificity |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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AI15416/AI/NIAID NIH HHS; DK32083/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK32493/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; DK57516/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; P30 DK57516/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS; R01 DK032493-29/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Autoantibodies; 0/Insulin Antibodies; 0/Iodine Radioisotopes; 9035-68-1/Proinsulin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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