| Dissolution kinetics of sub-millimeter Composition B detonation residues: Role of particle size and particle wetting. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 22483856 Owner: NLM Status: Publisher |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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The dissolution of the 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) from microscale particles (<250μm) of the explosive formulation Composition B was examined and compared to dissolution from macroscopic particles (>0.5mm). The dissolution of explosives from detonation soot was also examined. The measured mass transfer coefficients for the microscale particles were one to two orders of magnitude greater than the macroscopic particles. When normalized to particle surface area, mass transfer coefficients of microscale and macroscale particles were similar, indicating that the bulk dissolution processes were similar throughout the examined size range. However, an inverse relationship was observed between the particle diameter and the RDX:TNT mass transfer rate coefficient ratio for dry-attritted particles, which suggests that RDX may be more readily dissolved (relative to TNT) in microscale particles compared to macroscale particles. Aqueous weathering of larger Composition B residues generated particles that possessed mass transfer coefficients that were on the order of 5- to 20-fold higher than dry-attritted particles of all sizes, even when normalized to particle surface area. These aqueous weathered particles also possessed a fourfold lower absolute zeta-potential than dry-attritted particles, which is indicative that they were less hydrophobic (and hence, more wettable) than dry-attritted particles. The increased wettability of these particles provides a plausible explanation for the observed enhanced dissolution. The wetting history and the processes by which particles are produced (e.g., dry physical attrition vs. aqueous weathering) of Composition B residues should be considered when calculating mass transfer rates for fate and transport modeling. |
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Authors:
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Mark E Fuller; Charles E Schaefer; Christina Andaya; Volha Lazouskaya; Steve Fallis; Chao Wang; Yan Jin |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: JOURNAL ARTICLE Date: 2012-4-6 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Chemosphere Volume: - ISSN: 1879-1298 ISO Abbreviation: - Publication Date: 2012 Apr |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2012-4-9 Completed Date: - Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0320657 Medline TA: Chemosphere Country: - |
Other Details:
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Languages: ENG Pagination: - Citation Subset: - |
Copyright Information:
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Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
Affiliation:
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Shaw Environmental, Inc., 17 Princess Road, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648, USA. |
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From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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