Document Detail


The diseasome of physical inactivity--and the role of myokines in muscle--fat cross talk.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  19752112     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, colon cancer, breast cancer, dementia and depression constitute a cluster of diseases, which defines 'a diseasome of physical inactivity'. Both physical inactivity and abdominal adiposity, reflecting accumulation of visceral fat mass, are associated with the occurrence of the diseases within the diseasome. Physical inactivity appears to be an independent and strong risk factor for accumulation of visceral fat, which again is a source of systemic inflammation. Chronic inflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration and tumour growth. Evidence suggests that the protective effect of exercise may to some extent be ascribed to the anti-inflammatory effect of regular exercise, which can be mediated via a reduction in visceral fat mass and/or by induction of an anti-inflammatory environment with each bout of exercise. The finding that muscles produce and release myokines provides a conceptual basis to understand the mechanisms whereby exercise influences metabolism and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. According to our theory, contracting skeletal muscles release myokines, which work in a hormone-like fashion, exerting specific endocrine effects on visceral fat. Other myokines work locally within the muscle via paracrine mechanisms, exerting their effects on signalling pathways involved in fat oxidation.
Authors:
Bente K Pedersen
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Review     Date:  2009-09-14
Journal Detail:
Title:  The Journal of physiology     Volume:  587     ISSN:  1469-7793     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Physiol. (Lond.)     Publication Date:  2009 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2009-12-04     Completed Date:  2010-02-17     Revised Date:  2011-03-03    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  0266262     Medline TA:  J Physiol     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  5559-68     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet - Section 7641, Blegdamsvej 9, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark. bkp@rh.dk
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Abdominal Fat / physiology
Adipose Tissue / physiology*
Adiposity
Animals
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / physiology
Chronic Disease
Cytokines / metabolism,  physiology*
Erythropoietin / physiology
Exercise / physiology
Humans
Inflammation / complications,  pathology
Interleukin-15 / physiology
Interleukin-6 / physiology
Motor Activity / physiology*
Muscle, Skeletal / physiology*
Receptor Cross-Talk / physiology*
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; 0/Cytokines; 0/Interleukin-15; 0/Interleukin-6; 11096-26-7/Erythropoietin

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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