| Discrete opioid gene expression impairment in the human fetal brain associated with maternal marijuana use. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16477274 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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Fetal development is a period sensitive to environmental influences such as maternal drug use. The most commonly used illicit drug by pregnant women is marijuana. The present study investigated the effects of in utero marijuana exposure on expression levels of opioid-related genes in the human fetal forebrain in light of the strong interaction between the cannabinoid and opioid systems. The study group consisted of 42 midgestation fetuses from saline-induced voluntary abortions. The opioid peptide precursors (preprodynorphin and preproenkephalin (PENK)) and receptor (mu, kappa and delta) mRNA expression were assessed in distinct brain regions. The effect of prenatal cannabis exposure was analyzed by multiple regression controlling for confounding variables (maternal alcohol and cigarette use, fetal age, sex, growth measure and post-mortem interval). Prenatal cannabis exposure was significantly associated with increased mu receptor expression in the amygdala, reduced kappa receptor mRNA in mediodorsal thalamic nucleus and reduced preproenkephalin expression in the caudal putamen. Prenatal alcohol exposure primarily influenced the kappa receptor mRNA with reduced levels in the amygdala, claustrum, putamen and insula cortex. No significant effect of prenatal nicotine exposure could be discerned in the present study group. These results indicate that maternal cannabis and alcohol exposure during pregnancy differentially impair opioid-related genes in distinct brain circuits that may have long-term effects on cognitive and emotional behaviors. |
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Authors:
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X Wang; D Dow-Edwards; V Anderson; H Minkoff; Y L Hurd |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2006-02-14 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The pharmacogenomics journal Volume: 6 ISSN: 1470-269X ISO Abbreviation: Pharmacogenomics J. Publication Date: 2006 Jul-Aug |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-07-25 Completed Date: 2006-09-18 Revised Date: 2007-11-14 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 101083949 Medline TA: Pharmacogenomics J Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 255-64 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Alcohol Drinking / adverse effects Dynorphins / genetics*, metabolism Enkephalins / genetics*, metabolism Female Fetus / drug effects* Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental* Gestational Age Humans In Situ Hybridization Marijuana Smoking / adverse effects* Pregnancy Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects Prosencephalon / drug effects*, embryology Protein Precursors / genetics*, metabolism RNA, Messenger / metabolism Receptors, Opioid / genetics*, metabolism |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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DA12030/DA/NIDA NIH HHS |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Enkephalins; 0/Protein Precursors; 0/RNA, Messenger; 0/Receptors, Opioid; 0/pre-prodynorphin; 74913-18-1/Dynorphins; 93443-35-7/preproenkephalin |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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