Document Detail


Directional sensitivity along the upper limb in humans.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  2048360     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
The capacity of four neurologically healthy young adults to distinguish opposing directions of cutaneous motion was determined at five different sites along the proximal-distal axis of the upper limb. Constant-velocity brushing stimuli (ranging from 0.5 to 32.0 cm/sec) were delivered through an aperture in a Teflon plate that was securely positioned in light contact with the skin. In one series of experiments, directional sensitivity in d' units was assessed at each site, using an aperture length of 0.75 cm. In a second series of experiments, the aperture length required to obtain the same criterion level of directional sensitivity at each site was determined. To attain the sensitivity reached at distal sites, a proximal stimulus had to traverse a longer chord of skin. Specifically, chords 5.9 times longer on average (range = 5.4-6.2) were required on the proximal forearm than on the index finger pad. This finding suggests that relative directional sensitivity increases sixfold from the proximal forearm to the finger pad. Moreover, relative directional sensitivity on the shoulder was comparable to that observed on the proximal forearm for two of the subjects, and approximately one-half that observed on the proximal forearm for the other two subjects. In addition to such a prominent spatial gradient in relative directional sensitivity, the velocity of stimulus motion at which directional sensitivity was highest increased systematically as the test site was shifted from the finger pad to the proximal forearm. Specifically, the optimal velocity on the finger pad varied among subjects from 1.5 to 9.4 cm/sec (mean = 5.4 cm/sec), and on the proximal forearm from 11.5 to 31.2 cm/sec (mean = 18.6 cm/sec). The optimal velocity on the shoulder was not significantly different from that observed on the proximal forearm. The results suggest that effective and informed clinical testing of patients' capacity to distinguish opposing directions of motion on cutaneous regions that differ in peripheral innervation density requires appreciation of the sensitivities of different skin regions, as well as the unique velocity dependency of direction discrimination at each skin site.
Authors:
G K Essick; K R Bredehoeft; D F McLaughlin; J A Szaniszlo
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Somatosensory & motor research     Volume:  8     ISSN:  0899-0220     ISO Abbreviation:  Somatosens Mot Res     Publication Date:  1991  
Date Detail:
Created Date:  1991-07-18     Completed Date:  1991-07-18     Revised Date:  2007-11-14    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8904127     Medline TA:  Somatosens Mot Res     Country:  UNITED STATES    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  13-22     Citation Subset:  IM; S    
Affiliation:
Dental Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7455.
Export Citation:
APA/MLA Format     Download EndNote     Download BibTex
MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adolescent
Adult
Arm / innervation*
Arousal / physiology
Female
Humans
Mechanoreceptors / physiology*
Orientation / physiology*
Psychophysics
Reaction Time / physiology
Sensory Thresholds / physiology
Skin / innervation*
Touch / physiology*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
DE07509/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


Previous Document:  Lipid peroxidation in pathologic pregnancy: pregnancy-induced hypertension. I
Next Document:  Absence of neurogenesis of adult rat dorsal root ganglion cells.