Document Detail


Direct renin inhibition improved insulin resistance and adipose tissue dysfunction in type 2 diabetic KK-A(y) mice.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  20543712     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: The renin-angiotensin system affects insulin sensitivity mainly through the angiotensin II type 1 receptor. In this study, the effects of renin inhibition on insulin resistance and adipose tissue dysfunction were explored in type 2 diabetic KK-A(y) mice.
METHODS AND RESULTS: Male KK-A mice were treated with a direct renin inhibitor, aliskiren, administered subcutaneously at a dose of 50 mg/kg per day for 14 days using an osmotic minipump. This dose of aliskiren strongly inhibited plasma renin activity and lowered blood pressure about 17% in KK-A(y) mice. Aliskiren decreased body weight and plasma glucose level, and increased plasma insulin level in a fed condition. Aliskiren also lowered the plasma levels of cholesterol, fatty acids and triglycerides. In the oral glucose tolerant test, the plasma glucose elevation after glucose load was reduced by aliskiren, without a significant change in insulin level. Insulin tolerance test showed that aliskiren enhanced insulin's effect on plasma glucose. Aliskiren also reduced the epididymal adipose tissue mass by 25% and retroperitoneal adipose tissue mass by 35%. In adipose tissue, expression of the insulin receptor was not changed by aliskiren; however, expression of insulin receptor substrate-1, glucose transporter type 4, adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma and CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteindelta was increased by aliskiren. Moreover, NADPH oxidase activity and expression of inflammatory factors were reduced in adipose tissue. Aliskiren increased the pancreatic beta-cell area in KK-A(y) mice.
CONCLUSION: These results suggest that renin inhibition by aliskiren improved insulin resistance and adipose tissue dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice through an increase in insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and adipocyte differentiation, and a reduction of oxidative stress.
Authors:
Masaru Iwai; Harumi Kanno; Yumiko Tomono; Shinji Inaba; Izumi Senba; Megumi Furuno; Masaki Mogi; Masatsugu Horiuchi
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't    
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of hypertension     Volume:  28     ISSN:  1473-5598     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Hypertens.     Publication Date:  2010 Jul 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2010-06-24     Completed Date:  2010-12-17     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  8306882     Medline TA:  J Hypertens     Country:  England    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1471-81     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Molecular Cardiovascular Biology and Pharmacology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Tohon, Ehime, Japan.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adiponectin / metabolism,  pharmacology,  therapeutic use
Adipose Tissue / drug effects*,  metabolism,  physiopathology
Amides / pharmacology*
Animals
Chymosin / metabolism,  pharmacology,  therapeutic use
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / physiopathology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy,  metabolism*
Fumarates / pharmacology*
Glucose / metabolism,  pharmacology,  therapeutic use
Glucose Transporter Type 4 / metabolism
Insulin / blood,  metabolism,  pharmacology
Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / metabolism
Insulin Resistance / physiology*
Male
Mice
PPAR gamma / metabolism,  pharmacology,  therapeutic use
Renin / antagonists & inhibitors*,  metabolism,  pharmacology
Renin-Angiotensin System / drug effects
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Adiponectin; 0/Amides; 0/Fumarates; 0/Glucose Transporter Type 4; 0/Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; 0/PPAR gamma; 0/aliskiren; 11061-68-0/Insulin; 50-99-7/Glucose; EC 3.4.23.15/Renin; EC 3.4.23.4/Chymosin

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