| Dioxin effects on neonatal and infant thyroid function: routes of perinatal exposure, mechanisms of action and evidence from epidemiology studies. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 16217675 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVES: Animal experiments suggest that thyroid function alterations in newborns and infants may represent one of the most sensitive markers of toxicity from 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Dioxin can be transferred from the mother to the offspring either in utero or through lactation. It has been suggested that thyroid-hormone alterations produced by dioxin in utero or shortly after birth may underlie long-term effects, such as cognitive-ability and neurodevelopment impairment. In the present review article, we appraise available evidence on the effects of perinatal exposure to dioxin on fetal and infant thyroid function. METHODS: We summarized the routes of perinatal dioxin exposure and research results on possible mechanisms of dioxin toxic effects on thyroid function. We performed a systematic review of epidemiology studies conducted on mother-child pairs exposed to background environmental levels to investigate dioxin effects on neonatal and infant thyroid function. RESULTS: Toxicological and mechanistic data indicate that dioxin may impair thyroid function in exposed newborns and infants. Investigations on background-exposed children have not consistently demonstrated an association between perinatal TCDD exposure and thyroid function, although some of the studies suggest that sub-clinical hypothyroidism may be induced by perinatal dioxin exposure within 3 months from birth. Between studies inconsistencies may be related to lab method differences, mixed exposures, and small sample size of the populations evaluated. CONCLUSION: Epidemiology studies have as yet failed to demonstrate an association between perinatal TCDD exposure and thyroid function alterations in human subjects, although suggestive evidence from animal and in-vitro experimental data is available. |
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Authors:
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Sara Mariasole Giacomini; Lifang Hou; Pier Alberto Bertazzi; Andrea Baccarelli |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Review Date: 2005-10-11 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: International archives of occupational and environmental health Volume: 79 ISSN: 0340-0131 ISO Abbreviation: Int Arch Occup Environ Health Publication Date: 2006 May |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2006-03-23 Completed Date: 2006-11-30 Revised Date: 2008-11-21 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 7512134 Medline TA: Int Arch Occup Environ Health Country: Germany |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 396-404 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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EPOCA Epidemiology Research Center, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Clinica del Lavoro L. Devoto, Maggiore Hospital Foundation IRCCS, University of Milan, via San Barnaba 8, 20122, Milan, Italy. |
Export Citation:
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Dioxins
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chemistry,
pharmacokinetics*,
poisoning* Evidence-Based Medicine Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical* Thyroid Gland / physiopathology* |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Dioxins |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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