Document Detail


Digenic inheritance of an SMCHD1 mutation and an FSHD-permissive D4Z4 allele causes facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 2.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  23143600     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD) is characterized by chromatin relaxation of the D4Z4 macrosatellite array on chromosome 4 and expression of the D4Z4-encoded DUX4 gene in skeletal muscle. The more common form, autosomal dominant FSHD1, is caused by contraction of the D4Z4 array, whereas the genetic determinants and inheritance of D4Z4 array contraction-independent FSHD2 are unclear. Here, we show that mutations in SMCHD1 (encoding structural maintenance of chromosomes flexible hinge domain containing 1) on chromosome 18 reduce SMCHD1 protein levels and segregate with genome-wide D4Z4 CpG hypomethylation in human kindreds. FSHD2 occurs in individuals who inherited both the SMCHD1 mutation and a normal-sized D4Z4 array on a chromosome 4 haplotype permissive for DUX4 expression. Reducing SMCHD1 levels in skeletal muscle results in D4Z4 contraction-independent DUX4 expression. Our study identifies SMCHD1 as an epigenetic modifier of the D4Z4 metastable epiallele and as a causal genetic determinant of FSHD2 and possibly other human diseases subject to epigenetic regulation.
Authors:
Richard J L F Lemmers; Rabi Tawil; Lisa M Petek; Judit Balog; Gregory J Block; Gijs W E Santen; Amanda M Amell; Patrick J van der Vliet; Rowida Almomani; Kirsten R Straasheijm; Yvonne D Krom; Rinse Klooster; Yu Sun; Johan T den Dunnen; Quinta Helmer; Colleen M Donlin-Smith; George W Padberg; Baziel G M van Engelen; Jessica C de Greef; Annemieke M Aartsma-Rus; Rune R Frants; Marianne de Visser; Claude Desnuelle; Sabrina Sacconi; Galina N Filippova; Bert Bakker; Michael J Bamshad; Stephen J Tapscott; Daniel G Miller; Silvère M van der Maarel
Publication Detail:
Type:  Journal Article; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't     Date:  2012-11-11
Journal Detail:
Title:  Nature genetics     Volume:  44     ISSN:  1546-1718     ISO Abbreviation:  Nat. Genet.     Publication Date:  2012 Dec 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2012-11-29     Completed Date:  2013-02-13     Revised Date:  2013-04-26    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9216904     Medline TA:  Nat Genet     Country:  United States    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  1370-4     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Adult
Aged
Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / genetics*
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 / genetics
CpG Islands / genetics
DNA Methylation / genetics
Epigenesis, Genetic
Female
Haplotypes
Heredity / genetics*
Homeodomain Proteins / genetics*
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Muscular Dystrophy, Facioscapulohumeral / genetics*
Mutation*
Grant Support
ID/Acronym/Agency:
HG005608/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS; HG006493/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS; P01NS069539/NS/NINDS NIH HHS; R01 AR045203/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS; R01AR045203/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS; UL1 RR024160/RR/NCRR NIH HHS; UL1RR024160/RR/NCRR NIH HHS
Chemical
Reg. No./Substance:
0/Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; 0/DUX4 protein, human; 0/Homeodomain Proteins; 0/SMCHD1 protein, human

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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