| Differential incretin effects of GIP and GLP-1 on gastric emptying, appetite, and insulin-glucose homeostasis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20584260 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are major incretins with important effects on glucoregulatory functions. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of GIP and GLP-1 on gastric emptying and appetite after a mixed meal, and effects on insulin secretion and glucose disposal in humans. METHODS: Randomized crossover single-blind study in 17 healthy volunteers receiving GIP (2 or 5 pmol kg(-1) min(-1), n = 8), GLP-1 (0.75 pmol kg(-1) min(-1), n = 9) or NaCl for 180 min with a radionuclide-labeled omelette and fruit punch (370 kcal). Outcome measures were gastric emptying rate, insulinogenic index, hunger, satiety, desire to eat, and prospective food consumption. Blood was analyzed for GIP, GLP-1, glucagon, C-peptide, peptide YY (PYY) and ghrelin. KEY RESULTS: Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide 2 and 5 pmol kg(-1) min(-1) decreased gastric half-emptying time from 128.5 ± 34.0 min in controls to 93.3 ± 6.3 and 85.2 ± 11.0 min (P < 0.05). Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide 5 pmol kg(-1) min(-1) decreased postprandial glucose (P < 0.001) and insulin (P < 0.05) with increased insulinogenic index. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide had no effects on hunger, desire to eat, satiety or prospective consumption. Glucagon-like peptide-1 0.75 pmol kg(-1) min(-1) increased half-emptying time from 76.6 ± 7.6 min to 329.4 ± 71.6 (P < 0.01). Glucagon-like peptide-1 decreased plasma glucose and insulin (both P < 0.05-0.001), and increased insulinogenic index markedly. Hunger, desire to eat and prospective consumption were decreased (P < 0.05), and satiety borderline increased (P < 0.06). CONCLUSION & INFERENCES: The incretin effect of GIP and GLP-1 differs as GLP-1 exerts a strong glucoregulatory incretin through inhibition of gastric emptying, which GIP does not. Thus, GLP-1 as incretin mimetic may offer unique benefits in terms of weight loss in treatment of type 2 diabetes. |
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Authors:
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T Edholm; M Degerblad; P Grybäck; L Hilsted; J J Holst; H Jacobsson; S Efendic; P T Schmidt; P M Hellström |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Neurogastroenterology and motility : the official journal of the European Gastrointestinal Motility Society Volume: 22 ISSN: 1365-2982 ISO Abbreviation: Neurogastroenterol. Motil. Publication Date: 2010 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-11-02 Completed Date: 2011-02-08 Revised Date: 2011-08-25 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 9432572 Medline TA: Neurogastroenterol Motil Country: England |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1191-200, e315 Citation Subset: IM |
Copyright Information:
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© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. |
Affiliation:
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Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. |
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| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Appetite / drug effects* Blood Glucose / metabolism* C-Peptide / blood Cross-Over Studies Double-Blind Method Female Gastric Emptying / drug effects* Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / blood, pharmacology* Ghrelin / blood Glucagon / blood Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / blood, pharmacology* Homeostasis / drug effects* Humans Hunger / drug effects Immunoassay Incretins / metabolism* Insulin / metabolism* Male Peptide YY / blood Satiety Response / drug effects |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Blood Glucose; 0/C-Peptide; 0/Ghrelin; 0/Incretins; 106388-42-5/Peptide YY; 11061-68-0/Insulin; 59392-49-3/Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; 89750-14-1/Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; 9007-92-5/Glucagon |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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