Document Detail


Differences in antimicrobial susceptibility breakpoints for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from blood cultures, set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy.
MedLine Citation:
PMID:  17334725     Owner:  NLM     Status:  MEDLINE    
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
A study was made of the antimicrobial susceptibility to and efficacy of various kinds of antimicrobial agents against 179 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa that were isolated from blood cultures at Kansai Medical University Hospital from 1990 through 2004. The annual detection rate was highest in 1994, at 22 strains (6.5%). There were 9 multidrug resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.0%). Among 14 antimicrobial agents tested for measurements, ciprofloxacin (CPFX) showed the best minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 50 value, of 0.25 microg/ml, followed by pazufloxacin (PZFX) and biapenem (BIPM), each at 0.5 microg/ml. When the period of 15 years was divided into three stages, the MIC50 value for each antimicrobial agent was highest in the middle stage (1995 to 1999). Assuming that the percentage of sensitive strains according to the breakpoints set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) represents the antimicrobial susceptibility rate, amikacin (AMK) showed the best value, of 85.5%. According to the sepsis breakpoint set by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), the efficacy of CPFX showed the highest rate (77.1%) of all the antimicrobial agents tested. Among beta-lactams, BIPM showed the highest efficacy rate, of 67.0%. When the efficacy rates were compared with each other, the difference in efficacy rate between the breakpoint set by the CLSI and the sepsis breakpoint set by the JSC was large for beta-lactams. Comparisons made based on the CLSI criteria showed no difference in cross-resistance rates between CPFX, meropenem (MEPM), and BIPM. However, when comparisons were made using the JSC sepsis breakpoint, MEPM showed a cross-resistance rate of 87.8%, while the rate for BIPM was lower, at 56.1%, with the chi2 test showing a significant difference, at P = 0.0014. In accordance with the pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics theory that has been advocated, breakpoints which are more suitable for the clinical setting in Japan should be set so that more effective and more appropriate treatment can be carried out.
Authors:
Tatsuya Nakamura; Chihiro Shimizu; Mayumi Kasahara; Chiyo Nakata; Machiko Munakata; Hakuo Takahashi
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Publication Detail:
Type:  Evaluation Studies; Journal Article     Date:  2007-02-26
Journal Detail:
Title:  Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy     Volume:  13     ISSN:  1341-321X     ISO Abbreviation:  J. Infect. Chemother.     Publication Date:  2007 Feb 
Date Detail:
Created Date:  2007-03-05     Completed Date:  2007-03-29     Revised Date:  -    
Medline Journal Info:
Nlm Unique ID:  9608375     Medline TA:  J Infect Chemother     Country:  Japan    
Other Details:
Languages:  eng     Pagination:  24-9     Citation Subset:  IM    
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical Sciences and Laboratory Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata Hospital, 2-3-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata, Osaka 573-1191, Japan.
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MeSH Terms
Descriptor/Qualifier:
Bacteremia / drug therapy,  microbiology
Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / drug effects*
Humans
Japan
Microbial Sensitivity Tests / standards,  statistics & numerical data*
Microbiological Techniques
Pseudomonas Infections / drug therapy*
Pseudomonas aeruginosa / classification,  drug effects*,  isolation & purification
Reference Standards
Societies, Medical

From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine


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