| Dietary intake and status of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in a population of fish-eating and non-fish-eating meat-eaters, vegetarians, and vegans and the product-precursor ratio [corrected] of α-linolenic acid to long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: results from the EPIC-Norfolk cohort. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 20861171 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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BACKGROUND: Intakes of n-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are important for health. Because fish is the major source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), non-fish-eaters may have suboptimal n-3 PUFA status, although the importance of the conversion of plant-derived α-linolenic acid (ALA) to EPA and DHA is debated. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine intakes, food sources, and status of n-3 PUFAs according to dietary habit (fish-eaters and non-fish-eating meat-eaters, vegetarians, or vegans) and estimated conversion between dietary ALA and circulating long-chain n-3 PUFAs. DESIGN: This study included 14,422 men and women aged 39-78 y from the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition)-Norfolk cohort with 7-d diary data and a substudy in 4902 individuals with plasma phospholipid fatty acid measures. Intakes and status of n-3 PUFAs were measured, and the product-precursor ratio [corrected] of ALA to circulating n-3 PUFAs was calculated. RESULTS: Most of the dietary intake of EPA and DHA was supplied by fish; however, meat was the major source in meat-eaters, and spreading fats, soups, and sauces were the major sources in vegetarians. Total n-3 PUFA intakes in non-fish-eaters were 57-80% of those in fish-eaters, but status differences were considerably smaller [corrected]. The estimated product-precursor ratio [corrected] was greater in women than in men and greater in non-fish-eaters than in fish-eaters. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial differences in intakes and in sources of n-3 PUFAs existed between the dietary-habit groups, but the differences in status were smaller than expected, possibly because the product-precursor ratio [corrected] was greater in non-fish-eaters than in fish-eaters, potentially indicating increased estimated conversion of ALA. If intervention studies were to confirm these findings, it could have implications for fish requirements. |
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Authors:
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Ailsa A Welch; Subodha Shakya-Shrestha; Marleen A H Lentjes; Nicholas J Wareham; Kay-Tee Khaw |
Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Date: 2010-09-22 |
Journal Detail:
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Title: The American journal of clinical nutrition Volume: 92 ISSN: 1938-3207 ISO Abbreviation: Am. J. Clin. Nutr. Publication Date: 2010 Nov |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2010-10-21 Completed Date: 2010-11-09 Revised Date: 2011-06-07 |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 0376027 Medline TA: Am J Clin Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 1040-51 Citation Subset: AIM; IM |
Affiliation:
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School of Medicine Health Policy and Practice, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom. a.welch@uea.ac.uk |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Adult Aged Animals Cohort Studies Diet* Diet Records Diet, Vegetarian* Fatty Acids, Omega-3* / administration & dosage, biosynthesis, blood Female Fishes* Humans Male Meat* Middle Aged Seafood* Sex Factors alpha-Linolenic Acid / metabolism* |
| Grant Support | |
ID/Acronym/Agency:
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//Cancer Research UK; //Medical Research Council |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Fatty Acids, Omega-3; 463-40-1/alpha-Linolenic Acid |
| Comments/Corrections | |
Comment In:
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Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 May;93(5):1154-5; author reply 1155-6
[PMID:
21430120
]
Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Mar;93(3):665-6; author reply 666-7 [PMID: 21191139 ] |
Erratum In:
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Am J Clin Nutr. 2011 Mar;93(3):676 |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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