| Diet-dependent mucosal colonization and interleukin-1beta responses in preterm pigs susceptible to necrotizing enterocolitis. | |
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MedLine Citation:
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PMID: 19516189 Owner: NLM Status: MEDLINE |
Abstract/OtherAbstract:
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OBJECTIVES: Intestinal colonization challenges the neonatal innate immune system, especially in newborns with an immature immune response lacking the supportive bioactive components from mother's milk. Accordingly, formula-fed preterm pigs frequently show bacterial overgrowth, mucosal atrophy, and gut lesions reflecting necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) within the first days after birth. We hypothesized that NEC development is related to a diet-dependent bacterial adherence and a subsequent proinflammatory cytokine response in the gut mucosa immediately after introduction of enteral food. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Premature piglets (92% gestation) received 2 to 3 days of total parenteral nutrition followed by 0, 8, or 17 hours of enteral formula or sow's colostrum feeding. RESULTS: Following 8 hours, but not 17 hours, of colostrum feeding, a reduced number of intestinal samples with adherent bacteria (both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria) was counted compared with 0 or 8 hours of formula feeding. Besides a more dense colonization, formula feeding leads to higher intestinal interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) levels and more NEC-like lesions from 8 hours onward. The load of adherent bacteria was especially high in NEC lesions. Toll-like receptor 4 was detected in enteroendocrine, neuronal, and smooth muscle cells, potentially mediating the increase in IL-1beta levels by Gram-negative bacteria. CONCLUSIONS: Formula feeding facilitates bacterial adherence and the development of a proinflammatory state of the intestine, which may be among the key factors that predispose formula-fed preterm neonates to NEC. |
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Authors:
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Els R Van Haver; Per T Sangild; Marijke Oste; Jayda L A Siggers; Andre L M Weyns; Christa J Van Ginneken |
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Publication Detail:
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Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
Journal Detail:
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Title: Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition Volume: 49 ISSN: 1536-4801 ISO Abbreviation: J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. Publication Date: 2009 Jul |
Date Detail:
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Created Date: 2009-08-25 Completed Date: 2009-11-04 Revised Date: - |
Medline Journal Info:
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Nlm Unique ID: 8211545 Medline TA: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr Country: United States |
Other Details:
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Languages: eng Pagination: 90-8 Citation Subset: IM |
Affiliation:
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Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium. |
Export Citation:
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APA/MLA Format Download EndNote Download BibTex |
| MeSH Terms | |
Descriptor/Qualifier:
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Animals Animals, Newborn Bacterial Adhesion* Colony Count, Microbial Colostrum / immunology* Diet* Disease Models, Animal Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / immunology, metabolism, microbiology* Interleukin-1beta / metabolism* Intestinal Mucosa / immunology, microbiology* Lipopolysaccharides Parenteral Nutrition Swine Toll-Like Receptor 4 / metabolism |
| Chemical | |
Reg. No./Substance:
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0/Interleukin-1beta; 0/Lipopolysaccharides; 0/Toll-Like Receptor 4 |
From MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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